实验3 英文指法练习
问题描述
只有熟练地掌握键盘分区及键位分布、了解键盘打字的标准指法,才能逐步实现用盲打的方式输入英文,下面来学习键盘输入的基础知识及一些基准键的输入。
解决方案
1.键盘输入的基础知识
(1)键盘输入的要求。
击键时腰背挺直,双肩放松,手腕平直不可上下弯曲,更不能将手腕放在键盘上。双手按基准键位时要求将手指自然弯曲地轻放在键位上。击键时通过手指关节活动的力量叩向键位,而不是用肘和腕的力量。每次击键完成后,手指始终都要保持在基准键位上,以便下一次击键。如图1-2所示。
图1-2 手指对应的键盘按键
(2)基准键位。
凡处于打字准备状态时,双手放在A、S、D、F、J、K、L、“;”键上,这8个键称为基准键位。其中,F、J键称为定位键(键帽上有一小横杠),其作用是将左右食指分别放在F和J键上,其余三指依次放下就能找到基准键位。基准键位的分布及手指分工,如图1-3所示。
图1-3 基准键位分布及手指分工
(3)字母键指法分区。
字母键指法分区,如图1-4所示。凡两斜线范围内的字母键,都必须由规定的手指管理。这样一来,既便于操作,又便于记忆。
图1-4 字母键指法分区示意图
其中:
左小拇指负责击打如下键:1,Q,A,Z,Shift。
左无名指负责击打如下键:2,W,S,X。
左中指负责击打如下键:3,E,D,C。
左食指负责击打如下键:4,R,F,V。
5,T,G,B。
右食指负责击打如下键:6,Y,H,N,
7,U,J,M。
右中指负责击打如下键:8,I,K,“,”。
右无名指负责击打如下键:9,O,L“。”
右小拇指负责击打如下键:0,P,;,“/”,Shift,Enter。
两个大拇指负责击打空格键。
前面讲了8个基准键位与手指的对应关系,必须牢牢记住。在基准键位的基础上,对于其他字母、数字、符号都采用与8个基准键位相对应的位置来记忆。
2.基准键的练习
基准键也称原位键,是打字时手指应保持的固定位置,击打其他键都是以基准键来定位的。在进行基准键练习时,手指击键后仍放在原位字键上。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打基准键。
add add add add all all all all dad dad dad dad
ask ask ask ask sad sad sad sad fall fall fall fall
add all dad ask fall alas flask add ask lad sad fall
3.I、E键的练习
这两个键分别由左手中指和右手中指弹击,击键时,手指从基准键出发,击完后手指立即回到基准键位上。同时注意其他手指不要离开基准键,小拇指不要翘起。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打I、E键。
fed fed fed fed eik eik eik eik lid lid lid lid
desk desk desk desk jade jade jade jade less less
said said said said leaf leaf leaf leaf fade fade
4.G、H键的练习
这两个键在8个基准键中央,分别由左手食指向右伸出一个键位的距离、右手食指向左伸出一个键位的距离击出,击完后手指立即回到基准键位。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打G、H键。
gall gall gall gall fhss fhss fhss fhss fhgl fhgl
hasd hasd hasd hasd sgds sgds sgds sgds hkga hkga
glad glad glad glad half half half half shds shds
5.R、T、U、Y键的练习
这四个键分别由左手食指和右手食指(各自负责两个字母键)弹击,开始速度不宜快,体会食指微偏左向前伸和微偏右向前伸所移动的距离和角度,击完后手指立即回到基准键位。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打R、T、U、Y键。
gart gart gart gart fuss fuss fuss fuss furl furl
hard hard hard hard suds suds suds suds lurk lurk
rual rual rual rual adult adult adult adult altar
6.W、Q、O、P键的练习
这四个键分别由左手及右手的无名指、小拇指弹击,注意小拇指击键准确度差,应反复练习小拇指击键和回位的动作。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打W、Q、O、P键。
ford ford ford ford blow blow blow blow spqg spqg
cout cout cout cout swle swle swle swle quest quest
ough ough ough ough toward toward toward toward
7.V、B、M、N键的练习
这四个键分别由左右手的食指(各自负责两个字母键)弹击,注意体会食指移动的距离和角度,击完后手指立即回到基准键。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打V、B、M、N键。
vest vest vest vest time time time time alms alms
verb verb verb verb mine mine mine mine value value
8.C、X、Z键的练习
用左手中指、无名指、小拇指分别弹击C、X、Y键,手指向手心方向微偏右屈伸,击完后手指立即回到基准键。
输入以下字符,反复练习C、X、Y键的操作。
rich rich rich rich text text text text xrox xrox
quch quch quch quch xfar xfar xfar xfar zbet zbet
exec exec exec exec frenzy frenzy frenzy frenzy
9.主键盘区数字键的练习
数字键离基准键较远,弹击时必须遵守以基准键为中心的原则,依靠左右手的敏锐度和准确的键位感,来衡量数字键与基本键的距离和方位。
弹击1键时,左手小拇指向上偏左移动,越过Q键;依照前一动作,用左手无名指弹击2键,用左手中指弹击3键。
弹击4键时,左手食指向上偏左移动,越过R键;弹击5键时,左手食指向上偏右移动。
弹击6键时,右手食指大幅度向左上方伸展,越过Y键;弹击7键时,右手食指向上偏左移动,越过U键。
弹击8键时,右手中指向上偏左移动,越过I键;依照前一动作,用右手无名指弹击9键,用右手小拇指弹击0键。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打数字键。12343456239898076436 12.4 3.56 87.9 34.9 5.78
a12 ab3 s2d 345123 789907 1ST 2Nd 3RD 4TH 5TH
JANUARY 151994 May 51994 BUS NO.6 ROOM 567
10.常用键和符号键的练习
(1)空格键。
空格键在键盘的最下方,它由大拇指控制。击键的方法是右手从基准键位垂直上抬1~2cm,大拇指横着向下击打空格键,击键完毕立即缩回。
(2)Enter键。
Enter键应该由右手的小拇指来控制。击键方法是抬右手,伸小拇指弹击Enter键,击键完毕立即回到基准键位。
(3)Shift键。
Shift键的作用是用于控制换档。在键盘上,如果一个键位上有两个字符,那么当需要输入上档字符时就必须先按住Shift键,再弹击上档字符所在的键。
Shift键是由小拇指控制的。为使操作起来方便,键盘的左右两端均设有一个Shift键。如果待输入的字符是由左手控制的,那么事先必须用右手的小拇指按住Shift键,再用左手的相应指头弹击上档字符键;如果待输入的字符是右手控制的字键,那么事先必须用左手的小拇指按住Shift键,再用右手的相应的指头弹击上档字符键。只有上档字符键完毕后左右手的指头才能缩回到基准键位上。
(4)符号键。
键盘上还有其他一些字符,如“+”、“-”、“*”、“/”、“(”、“)”、“#”、“!”、“@”、“?”、“&”、“:”、“$”、“%”等。这些字符的输入也必须按照它们各自的指法分区,用相应的手指按规则输入。只要我们熟悉了Shift键的击键原则和方法,那么这些字符的输入是不难掌握的。
输入以下字符,反复练习击打符号键。
+++++ ***** ----- ()()()()() #####
!!!!! $$$$$ &&&&& ?????
11.综合练习
用操作系统提供的“记事本”程序进行指法练习:
A visiting senior Chinese diplomat said here Thursday that China had done a great deal in order to solve the Darfur issue.
“Chinese government has done a great deal in order to solve the Darfur issue.” Liu Guijin, special representative of the Chinese government on the Darfur issue, said at a news conference at the Chinese Embassy in London.
Chinese President Hu Jintao had met the Sudanese President Omeral-Bashir twice during a trip to Sudan last February and the Beijing Summit of China-Africa Cooperation Forum in 2006, said Liu, who is a former ambassador to Zimbabwe and South Africa, and has been engaged in African affairs for more than 25 years.
“Because of the efforts made by the international community, and by the Chinese government, the Sudanese government has accepted the deployment of the hybrid peacekeeping forces in Darfur and the UN security council has adopted the resolution 1769,which has put the Darfur issue on a road of political settlement.” said Liu.
China has pledged to send a 315-member multi-functional engineering unit to the region, and 140 members have arrived and carried out effective work in building camps, wells, roads for the hybrid operation, said Liu, adding that the rest 175 were preparing to go there soon.
Liu also detailed on China's humanitarian assistance in the Darfur region.
China provided assistance of about 11 million U.S. dollars in five batches, and provided Sudan with power generators, pumps and 120 schools, he said.
China has already helped the Sudanese dig 46 wells and build 20power plants to ease the severe water shortage in the country, which is one of the major causes for turmoil in the Darfur region. And Chinese companies have spent 50 million U.S. dollars in building 85 km of water pipelines and digging wells in southern Darfur, which will be completed in months.
Moreover, china will provide another 90 million U.S. dollars in soft loan for the construction of water supply facilities in northern Darfur.
Liu said that china will do more for the Sudanese, and hoped that other countries would do“tangible and practical work” to help relieve the sufferings in the Darfur region.
China was the first nation outside Africa to send peacekeepers to Darfur and the first and biggest development aid provider to the region.
提示
在输入英文字母时,F、J键称为定位键(键帽上有一小横杠),其作用是将左右食指分别放在F和J键上,眼睛不要盯着键盘。
学生总结
________________________
年 月 日