第68章

[41]. In all changes of the coat the left arm of the king is appropriated by the wardrobe and the right arm to the "chambre."[42]. The queen breakfasts in bed， and "there are ten or twelve persons present at this first reception or entrée. . . " The grand receptions taking place at the dressing hour. "This reception comprises the princes of the blood， the captains of the guards and most of the grand-officers." The same ceremony occurs with the chemise as with the king's shirt. One winter day Mme. Campan offers the chemise to the queen， when a lady of honor enters， removes her gloves and takes the chemise in her hands. A movement at the door and the Duchess of Orleans comes in， takes off her gloves， and receives the chemise. Another movement and it is the Comtesse d'Artois whose privilege it is to hand the chemise. Meanwhile the queen sits there shivering with her arms crossed on her breast and muttering， "It is dreadful， what importunity！ " (Mme. Campan， II. 217； III. 309-316).

[43]. "Marie Antoinette，" by d'Arneth and Geffroy， II. 223 (August 15， 1774).

[44]. Count D'Hézecques， ibid.， p. 7.

[45]. Duc de Lauzun， "Mémoires，" 51. - Mme. de Genlis， "Mémoires，"ch. XII.： "Our husbands， regularly on that day (Saturday) slept at Versailles， to hunt the next day with the king."[46]. The State dinner takes place every Sunday. - La nef is a piece of plate at the center of the table containing between scented cushions， the napkins used by the king. - The essai is the tasting of each dish by the gentlemen servants and officers of the table before the king partakes of it. And the same with the beverages. - It requires four persons to serve the king with a glass of wine and water.

[47]. When the ladies of the king's court， and especially the princesses， pass before the king's bed they have to make an obeisance；the palace officials salute the nef on passing that. - A priest or sacristan does the same thing on passing before the altar.

[48]. De Luynes， IX， 75，79， 105. (August， 1748， October 1748).

[49]. The king is at Marly， and here is a list of the excursions he is to make before going to Compiègne. (De Luynes， XIV， 163， May， 1755)"Sunday， June 1st， to Choisy until Monday evening. - Tuesday， the 3rd to Trianon， until Wednesday. - Thursday， the 5th， return to Trianon where he will remain until after supper on Saturday. -Monday， the 9th， to Crécy， until Friday， 13th. - Return to Crécy the 16th， until the 21st. - St. July 1st to la Muette， the 2nd， to Compiègne."[50]. "Marie Antoinette，" by d'Arneth and Geffroy， I. 19 (July 12， 1770). I. 265 (January 23， 1771). I. III. (October 18， 1770).

[51]. Marie Antoinette，" by d'Arneth and Geffroy， II， 270 (October 18， 1774). II， 395 (November 15， 1775). II， 295 (February 20， 1775).

III， 25 (February 11， 1777). III， 119 (October 17， 1777). III， 409(March 18， 1780).

[52]. Mme. Campan， I. 147.

[53]. Nicolardot， "Journal de Louis XVI，" 129.

[54]. D'Hézecques ibid. 253. - Arthur Young， I. 215.

[55]. List of pensions paid to members of the royal family in 1771.

Duc d'Orléans， 150，000. Prince de Condé， 100，000. Comte de Clermont， 70，000. Duc de Bourbon， 60，000. Prince de Conti， 60，000. Comte de la Marche， 60，000. Dowager-Countess de Conti， 50，000. Duc de Penthièvre， 50，000. Princess de Lamballe， 50，000. Duchess de Bourbon， 50，000.

(Archives Nationales. O1. 710， bis).

[56]. Beugnot， I. 77. Mme. de Genlis， "Mémoires，" ch. XVII. De Goncourt， "La Femme au dix-huitième siècle，" 52. - Champfort， "Caractères et Anecdotes."[57]. De Luynes， XVI. 57 (May， 1757). In the army of Westphalia the Count d'Estrées， commander-in-chief； had twenty-seven secretaries， and Grimm was the twenty-eighth. - When the Duc de Richelieu set out for his government of Guyenne he was obliged to have relays of a hundred horses along the entire road.

[58]. De Luynes， XVI. 186 (October， 1757).

[59]. De Goncourt， ibid.， 73， 75.

[60]. Mme. d'Epinay， "Mémoires." Ed. Boiteau， I. 306 (1751).

[61]. St. Simon， XII. 457， and Dangeau， VI. 408. The Marshal de Boufflers at the camp of Compiègne (September， 1698) had every night and morning two tables for twenty and twenty-five persons， besides extra tables； 72 cooks， 340 domestics， 400 dozens of napkins， 80dozens of silver plates， 6 dozens of porcelain plates. Fourteen relays of horses brought fruits and liquors daily from Paris； every day an express brought fish， poultry and game from Ghent， Brussels， Dunkirk， Dieppe and Calais. Fifty dozens bottles of wine were drunk on ordinary days and eighty dozens during the visits of the king and the princes.

[62]. De Luynes， XIV. 149.

[63]. Abbé Georgel， "Mémoires，" 216.

[64]. Sainte-Beuve， "Causeries du lundi，" VIII. 63， the texts of two witnesses， MM. de Genlis and Roland.

[65]. De Luynes， XV. 455， and XVI. 219 (1757). "The Marshal de Belle-Isle contracted an indebtedness amounting to 1，200，000 livres， one-quarter of it for building great piles of houses for his own pleasure and the rest in the king's service. The king， to indemnify him， gives him 400，000 livres on the salt revenue， and 80，000 livres income on the company privileged to refine the precious metals."[66]. Report of fixed incomes and expenditures， May 1st， 1789， p.

633. - These figures， it must be noted， must be doubled to have their actual equivalent.

[67]. Mme. de Genlis， "Dict. des Etiquettes，" I. 349.

[68]. Barbier， "Journal，" III， 211 (December， 1750).

[69]. Aubertin， "L'Esprit public au dix-huitième siècle，" 255.

[70]. Mme. de Genlis， "Adèle et Théodore." III. 54.

[71]. Duc de Lévis， 68. The same thing is found， previous to the late reform， in the English army. - Cf. Voltaire， "Entretiens entre A， B， C，" 15th entretien. "A regiment is not the reward for services but rather for the sum which the parents of a young man advance in order that he may go to the provinces for three months in the year and keep open house."[72]. Beugnot， I. 79.

[73]. Merlin de Thionville， "Vie et correspondances." Account of his visit to the chartreuse of Val St. Pierre in Thierarche.

[74]. Mme. de Genlis， "Mémoires，" ch. 7.

[75]. Mme. d'Oberkirk， I. 15.

[76]. Mme. de Genlis， 26， ch. I. Mme. d'Oberkirk， I. 62.

[77]. De Lauzun， "Mémoires，" 257.

[78]. Marquis de Valfons， "Mémoires，" 60. - De Lévis， 156. - Mme.

d'Oberkirk， I， 127， II， 360.

[79]. Beugnot， I， 71. - Hippeau， "Le Gouvernement de Normandie，"passim.

[80]. An occupation explained farther on， page 145. - TR.

[81]. Mme. de Genlis， " Mémoires，" passim. "Dict. des Etiquettes，"I. 348.

[82]. Mme. d'Oberkirk， I. 395. - The Baron and Baroness de Sotenville in Molière are people well brought up although provincial and pedantic.