第90章

21. Rochester Cartulary (Thorpe), 2, a: 'Gavelmanni de Suthflete.'

22. Cotton MSS. Tiberius B. ii, and Claudius C. xi.

23. Cotton MSS. Claudius C. xi, f 49, a: 'De hundredariis et libere tenentibus. Philippus de insula tenet 16 acras de wara et debet sectas ad curiam Elyensem et ad curiam de Wilburtone et in quolibet hundredo per totum annum,' etc. For a more detailed discussion of the position of hundredors, see Appendix.

24. In the description of Aston and Cote, a submanor of Bampton, Oxfordshire, hundredarii are mentioned in Rot. Hundr. ii. 689.

25. Leg. Henrici I, c. 7. The point has been lately elucidated by Maitland, Suitols of the County Court, Eng. Hist. Rev., July 1888, and Round, Archaeological Review, iv.

26. Gloucester Cart. iii. 193: 'Et dicunt quod predictus Thomas et socii sui subscripti debent aquietare villam de quolibet hundredo Cyrencestriae et de Respethate praeterquam ad visum franciplegii bis in anno.' Ramsey Inqu., Cotton MSS. Galba E. x, 35: 'Sequebatur comitatum et hundredum pro dominico abbatis.'

Madox, Hist. of the Exchequer, i. 74: 'Serviet eis nominatim in omnibus placitis ad quae convenienter summonitus erit et ad defensionem totius villae Estone aderit in hundredis et scyris in quibus erit quantum poterit.' Warwickshire Hundr. Roll, Q. R.

Misc. Books, No. 29, f. 73, a: 'Seriancia ad comitatum et hundredum.'

27. Ramsey Cart. i. 438: 'J. R. tenet dimidiam hydam de veteri feoffamento et non reddit per annum aliquem censum abbati, quia est una de quattuor virgatis quae defendunt totam villatam de secta comitatus et hundredi per annum.'

28. Gloucester Cart. iii. 77: 'Henricus de Marwent te.net unam virgataet continentem 48 acras... et facit forinseca [scrvitia], scil. sectas comitatus (hundredi, et alia forinseca.' Cf Cart. of Shaftesbury, 65: '.... defendebat terram suam de omnibus forinsecis avcncionibus.'

29. Seebohm, Village Community, 37, 38,. Scrutton, Common Fields, 39.

30. See the instances collected by Maitland, Introduction to Rolls of Manorial Courts, Selden Soc., Ser. II, p. xxix, note 2.

31. Maitland, op. c.

32. A few instances among many: Gloucester Cart. iii 49:

'Radulfus de E. tenet unam virgatam terrae continentem 48 acras et reddit inde per annum non reditum aliquem, sed sequetur comitatum Warwici et hundredum de Kingtone pro domino, et curiam de Clifforde pro omni servitio.' There are four other, virgatarii liberi, besides this one. Domesday of St. Paul's (Camden Soc.), 30: 'Thomas arkarius (tenet) iv virgatas pro 28 solidis et debet facere sectam sire et hundredi.' He is a freeholder. Worcester Cart. (Camden Soc.), 64, C: 'De liberis Ricardus de Salford tenet dimidiam hidam de priore, quam Thomas de Ruppe tenuit de eo, et facit regale servitium tantum, et debet esse coram justiciariis itinerantibus pro defensione villae ad custum suum.' The Ely, hundredarii, are distinguished from the villains, and form by themselves a group which ranks next to the 'libere tenentes' or with them.

33. Ramsey, Inqu. Cotton MSS. Galba, E. x, f 52: 'Ecclesia ipsius ville possidet dimidiam hidam liberam et presbiter debet esse quartus eorum qui sequuntur comitatum et hundredum cum custamento suo.' Cf 40, 54. instead of attending separately the priest comes to be included among the four hundredors.

34. Britton, i. 177 sqq. See Maitland's Introd. to Manorial Rolls, p. xxvii.

35. Maitland, op. c. pp. xxix, xxx.

36. Leg. Henrici I. c. 8. Cf. Ely Register, Cotton MSS., Claudius, C. xi, 52, a: 'et libere tenentes sui qui tenent per socagium debent unam sectam ad frendlese hundred, scil. ad diem Sabbati proximum post festum St. Michaelis. The expression, friendless, is peculiar. It appears in other instances in the Ely Surveys. May it not mean, that all the free tenants, even the small ones, had to attend and could not be represented by their fellows or 'friends'?

37. Glastonbury Cart., Wood MSS., i. f 233, a: 'et N. et G.

veniunt et defendunt vim et iniuriam et talem sectam qualem ab eis exigit et bene cognoscunt quod per attornatos suos debent ipsi facere duas sectas per annum ad duos lagedaios... sed si aliquis latro fuerit ibi iudicandus tunc debent liberi homines sui et prepositi uel seruientes sui debent interesse ad predictum hundredum ad faciendum iudicium et non ipsi in propria persona sua.' Cf Malmesbury Cart. (Rolls Ser.), ii.. 178; 'Item recognouit sectam ad hundredum de Malmesburia per se vel per sufficientem attornatum suum. Item recognouit et concessit quod omnes liberi homines sui de Estleye sequantur de hundredo in hundredum apud Malmesburiam sicut aliquo tempore predecessorum suorum facere consueverunt.'

38. This may possibly account for the curious fact, that in every manor there are some tenants called, Freeman,', Frankleyn,' and the like. They seem to be there to keep up the necessary tradition of the free element. For instance: Eynsham Cart. MSS.

of the Chapter of Christ Church, Oxford, xxix. f 4, a: 'Iohannes Freman de Shyfford tenet unam virgatam per cartam... facit sectam ad comitatum et hundredum et hac de causa tenet tenementum suum.'

Cf Coram Rege 27 Henry III, m. 3: 'Dicunt quod non est aliquis liber homo in eodem manerio nisi Willelmus filius Radulfi qui respondet infra corpus comitatus.' The fact is well known to all those who have had anything to do with manorial records.

39. Cf. Maitland, Suitors of the County Court, Eng Hist. Review, July, 1888.

40. Is it not possible to explain by the, hundredor, the following difficult passage in Domesday, ii. 100? 'Hugo de Montfort invasit tres liberos homines... unus ex his jacet ad feudum Sancti Petri de Westmonasterio testiinonio hundredi, sed fuit liberatus Hugoni in numero suorum hundredorum (corr.

hundredariorum?) ut dicunt sui homines.' It is true that the term does not occur elsewhere in Domesday, but the reading as it stands appears very clumsy, and the emendation proposed would seem the easiest way to get out of the difficulty.