第二节 样题分析
2014年课标全国卷对话体样题
阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mum: (putting on her coat) I’m going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.
Alan: Why?
Mum: I’m not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they’re 3 (go).
Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I’m sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early).
Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldn’t have done it. 6, he couldn’t carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I’m sure 7 wasn’t him.
Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn’t me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?
Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10. Now, why did I put on my coat?
【答案】
1. happened
2. when
3. gone
4. earlier
5. making
6. Anyway
7. it
8. the
9. must have put
10. mind/memory
【题型分析】
(1)有提示词:主要提供动词、名词、形容词三大类,考生需要根据语境写出正确的词形,一般考查4道题或更多。词形的转换包括动词与形容词的转换、形容词与副词的转换,如第3题给的提示词是go,而最终变成了形容词gone;形容词或副词比较级或最高级的转换,如第4题的提示词为early,最终变成了earlier;动词的时态、语态的变化,如第1题的happen变成了happened;动词词形的变化,如第5题中的make变成了making;名词单复数的变化;情态动词的用法,如第9题的put变成了must have put,表示对过去事情的推测。
(2)不给出提示词:考生需要根据语境在每一个空格处填入一个合适的词,一般考查3~6道题,主要考查连词、代词、介词、冠词、情态动词、从句的引导词等。如第2题填入连词when,引导时间状语从句;第7题填入代词it;第8题填入冠词the,表示特指。
【语法特点】
从考试说明的样题来看,实词以考查动词、代词、形容词、副词为主,其中动词又是重中之重;虚词以考查介词、冠词、连词为主。而句法方面主要考查复合句的引导词,如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。
语篇型语法填空题“突出语篇,强调运用”的命题思路,不仅充分体现了语言测试的交际性原则,也很好地体现了高中英语课程改革的教学理念,与《课程标准》所提出的英语课程的性质完全吻合。
同学们要加强听、说、读、写综合能力的培养,多进行语言产出和交际,将学习英语的关注点转移到语言的社会功能和实际运用上来。另外同学们还要加强对语篇逻辑分析能力和精细阅读能力的培养,可以通过课外阅读、写作练习等方式,促进语篇分析能力和语言理解力、控制力的发展。此外,要重视语言的准确性。语法和词汇知识是语言综合运用能力的基础,因此巩固语言基础依然重要。但语法和词汇不是孤立的语言项目,语法和词汇知识的学习要和真实的交际场景和语篇运用紧密结合起来。
最后提醒大家,基于语篇的针对性练习势必比句子层面的语言知识练习更能提升理解能力,提高分数。