Word List 6

purse /pɜːrs/

【释】n. 手提包，钱包 (a small case in which women carry coins, paper money, credit cards, etc.)

【释】v. 撅起，皱起 (gather or contract (the lips or brow) into wrinkles or folds)

【例】Martha pursed her lips disapprovingly.

【形】pursuit

authentic /ɔːˈθentɪk/

【释】adj. 真实的 (genuine)

【例】I don’t know if the painting is authentic.

【反】fake

【释】adj. 可信的 (reliable)

【形】authenticate

robust /roʊˈbʌst/

【释】adj. 强壮的；坚定的 (strong and healthy)

【例】a robust economy

【近】strong, vigorous, sturdy

【反】frail, weak, fragile, vulnerable

unprecedented /ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/

【释】adj. 空前的，史无前例的 (unlike anything in the past; unexampled)

【例】This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale.

【近】novel, revolutionary

saint /seɪnt/

【释】n. 圣徒 (a person acknowledged as holy)

furious /ˈfjʊriəs/

【释】adj. 狂怒的 (very angry)

【例】She’s furious at how slowly the investigation is proceeding.

【近】rageful

plague /pleɪɡ/

【释】n. 瘟疫 (a widespread affliction)

【近】disease, sickness

【释】v. 折磨；使苦恼 (cause continual trouble or distress to)

【例】He has been plagued by ill health.

entail /ɪnˈteɪl/

【释】v. 使需要，必需 (have (something) as a part)

【例】A lavish wedding entails extensive planning and often staggering expense.

【近】involve, require, need

portable /ˈpɔːrtəbl/

【释】adj. 便于携带的 (easily carried or moved)

【近】transportable, movable, mobile

embody /ɪmˈbɑːdi/

【释】v. 体现，使具体化 (represent (something) in a clear and obvious way)

【例】The legislature embodied a revenue provision in the new law.

【近】manifest, symbolize, represent, express

【形】embodiment

abolish /əˈbɑːlɪʃ/

【释】v. 废除 (formally put an end to (a system, practice, or institution))

【例】The governor never fulfilled his promise to abolish the state income tax.

【反】retain

【形】abolitionist

skull /skʌl/

【释】n. 颅骨

discard /dɪsˈkɑːrd/

【释】v. 抛弃，放弃 (get rid of; throw away)

【例】Remove and discard the stems.

【近】dispose

fragile /ˈfrædʒl/

【释】adj. 易碎的 (easily broken or damaged)

【近】delicate, vulnerable, flimsy, frail

【反】durable

gorgeous /ˈɡɔːrdʒəs/

【释】adj. 美丽动人的 (very attractive)

【例】Some of the Renaissance buildings are gorgeous.

【近】spectacular, splendid

invoke /ɪnˈvoʊk/

【释】v. 引用，援引 (cite or appeal to)

【例】The government has invoked the Official Secrets Act in having the book banned.

【近】cite, refer to

【释】v. 祈求 (beg for help by praying)

【例】Their sacred dance is performed to invoke ancient gods.

【近】resort to, appeal to

compatible /kəmˈpætəbl/

【释】adj. 兼容的 (existing together in harmony)

【例】two people with compatible personalities

【释】adj. 相符的

【例】Free enterprise, he argued, was compatible with Russian values and traditions.

【近】consistent

align /əˈlaɪn/

【释】v. 使结盟 (join a group of people with similar aims)

【例】She is aligning with other senators to oppose his nomination.

【释】v. 排成一行 (arrange in a straight line)

【例】Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.

【近】line up, straighten

【形】alignment

canvas /ˈkænvəs/

【释】n. 帆布

【例】a canvas bag

【释】n. 画布；油画

【例】Turner’s canvases

evoke /ɪˈvoʊk/

【释】v. 引起，唤起 (call forth or up)

【例】The old house evoked memories of his childhood.

【近】elicit, induce

【形】evocation

exert /ɪɡˈzɜːrt/

【释】v. 施加 (apply or bring to bear)

【例】His ideas still exert a strong influence on the scientific community.

【释】n. 运用

【近】employ

【用】exert oneself 尽力

splash /splæʃ/

【释】v. 溅起 (cause to strike or fall)

【例】Water splashed onto the floor.

【近】sprinkle

spiral /ˈspaɪrəl/

【形】【释】adj. 螺旋的

【近】helicoid

heap /hiːp/

【释】n. 堆 (pile)

【例】a heap of old newspapers

【近】stack

endanger /ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/

【释】v. 危害 (put (someone or something) at risk or in danger)

【例】That mistake seriously endangered the future of the company.

vest /vest/

【释】n. 背心，马甲

【例】Businessmen wear three-piece pin-striped suits with vests and neckties.

【释】v. 授予 (confer or bestow on someone)

【例】Executive power is vested in the president.

【近】confer on, bestow on

【用】be vested in/with

skeptical /ˈskeptɪkl/

【释】adj. 怀疑的

【例】The public were deeply skeptical about some of the proposals.

【形】skepticism

transparent /trænsˈpærənt/

【释】adj. 透明的 (clear; lucid)

【例】a box with a transparent lid

【释】adj. 易懂的 (easy to understand)

【例】We should try to make the instructions more transparent.

【近】translucent

【反】opaque, ambiguous, obscure

stab /stæb/

【释】v. 刺，戳 (make a short, aggressive or violent movement with a finger or pointed object)

【例】She stabbed her cigarette into the ashtray.

provincial /prəˈvɪnʃl/

【释】adj. 省的；地方性的 (of or concerning a province)

【例】provincial governments

【反】national, cosmopolitan

【释】adj. 偏狭的 (having narrow or limited concerns)

【近】insular, parochial, sectarian

descent /dɪˈsent/

【释】n. 下降 (an act of going down in location or condition)

【例】The book describes his descent into a deep depression after the death of his wife.

【近】dive, plunge, dip

【释】n. 血统，出身 (a person’s ancestors)

【例】She is of Korean descent.

【形】descend

municipal /mjuːˈnɪsɪpl/

【释】adj. 市政的 (relating to a city or town)

【近】civil, metropolitan, urban

【反】rural

deteriorate /dɪˈtɪriəreɪt/

【释】v. 恶化 (become worse)

【例】Exposure to rain and sun will gradually deteriorate the paint.

【近】decline, regress, degenerate, devolve

【反】ameliorate

【形】deterioration

hail /heɪl/

【释】v. 致敬；招呼 (greet, welcome)

【例】The town hailed the returning soldiers.

【释】n. 冰雹

intake /ˈɪnteɪk/

【释】n. 摄取量 (consumption)

【例】You’d better reduce your daily intake of salt.

glare /ɡler/

【释】v. 发出(刺眼的)强光 (shine with a strong or dazzling light)

【例】The sunlight glared.

【近】blaze

【释】n./v. 怒视 (an angry, unfriendly look)

【例】The old woman glared at him.

foul /faʊl/

【释】v. 犯规 (break the rules)

【例】He was fouled as he attempted the shot.

【释】adj. 邪恶的；污秽的 (very bad or unpleasant)

【例】the foul odor of rotten eggs

【近】disgusting, loathsome, offensive

【反】fragrant

imperative /ɪmˈperətɪv/

【释】adj. 必要的 (extremely important or urgent)

【例】It is imperative that these claims are dealt with quickly.

【近】vital

【反】unimportant, optional

【释】n. 必要的事 (an essential or urgent thing)

【例】Survival is our first imperative.

consecutive /kənˈsekjətɪv/

【释】adj. 连续的 (successive)

【例】After six consecutive defeats, the team was almost ready to give up.

blaze /bleɪz/

【释】n. 烈火 (a burning fire)

【例】Some 4,000 firefighters are battling the blaze.

【释】n. 光辉 (great brightness and heat)

【例】the blaze of the sun

【近】glare, gleam

【释】v. 公开宣布 (make public or conspicuous)

【例】The news was blazed in headline of the newspaper.

lid /lɪd/

【释】n./v. (盖)盖子；眼睑 (a removable or hinged cover for the top of a container)

【近】cover, top, cap

underestimate /ˌʌndərˈestɪmeɪt/

【释】v. 低估 (estimate (something) to be smaller or less important than it actually is)

【例】We underestimated the time it would take to get there.

【反】exaggerate

drawback /ˈdrɔːbæk/

【释】n. 缺陷 (disadvantage)

【近】limitation, flaw

blur /blɜːr/

【释】v. 模糊 (make or become unclear or less distinct)

【例】Tears blurred her eyes.

【近】obscure

【反】crystallize

landmark /ˈlændmɑːrk/

【释】n. 里程碑 (an event, discovery, or change marking an important stage)

【例】The ceasefire was seen as a major landmark in the fight against terrorism.

【释】n. 地标

【近】landmass

patron /ˈpeɪtrən/

【释】n. 资助人 (a person that supports an activity)

【例】The Princess Royal is a well-known patron of several charities.

【近】sponsor, promoter

【释】n. 顾客 (customer)

【例】Most of his customers are regular patrons, many of whom are foreigners.

bulb /bʌlb/

【释】n. 电灯泡

【释】n. 球茎

hatch /hætʃ/

【释】v. 孵 (emerge from its egg)

【近】conceive

rib /rɪb/

【释】n. 肋骨

sore /sɔːr/

【释】adj. 感到疼痛的

【例】I always feel stiff and sore after gardening.

【近】painful, hurt, sensitive

【释】n. 疮；痛处 (a raw or painful place on the body)

optimism /ˈɑːptɪmɪzəm/

【释】n. 乐观 (hopefulness and confidence about the future or the successful outcome of something)

【例】They have maintained their optimism in the face of desolating subjugation.

【近】hope, confidence

【形】optimistic

cargo /ˈkɑːrɡoʊ/

【释】n. 货物，船货 (the goods carried by a ship, airplane, or vehicle)

【例】The ship was carrying a cargo of crude oil.

【近】freight

sparkle /ˈspɑːrkl/

【释】v./n. (发)光 (shine brightly with flashes of light)

【例】Bits of broken glass sparkled in the sunlight.

【近】glitter, twinkle, flash, blink

【释】v. (表现)抢眼 (be brilliant in performance)

【例】a play that sparkles with wit

【形】sparkling

absurd /əbˈsɜːrd/

【释】adj. 荒唐的 (unreasonable or impossible to believe)

【例】She makes the most absurd claims about her past achievements.

【近】ridiculous, stupid, foolish, silly

【反】reasonable, sensible

successive /səkˈsesɪv/

【释】adj. 连续的 (following one another or following others)

【例】There has been low rainfall for two successive years.

【近】consecutive

sway /sweɪ/

【释】v. 摇晃 (move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically backward and forward)

【例】The branches were swaying in the wind.

【近】swing

choke /tʃoʊk/

【释】v. 窒息 (keep from breathing in a normal way by cutting off the supply of air)

【例】Many people were choked by thick smoke.

【近】smother

【释】v. 阻塞 (block by clogging)

【例】Leaves choked the sewer.

【近】clog

crisp /krɪsp/

【释】adj. 松脆的

【释】n. 炸薯片

【近】brittle, brisk

【反】soft

envy /ˈenvi/

【释】n./v. 羡慕 (desire to have a desirable attribute belonging to someone else)

【例】He was sure that other drivers looked at him with envy.

【释】n./v. 忌妒 (have the unhappy feeling of wanting to be like someone else)

【例】I envy people who are always confident.

【近】jealousy, bitterness

【形】envious

plow /plaʊ/

【释】v. 耕地

【例】Farmers now use tractors to plow their fields.

【释】n. 犁

cushion /ˈkʊʃn/

【释】v. 保护 (protect)

【例】Powerful shock absorbers cushion our landing.

【释】n. 垫子

expire /ɪkˈspaɪər/

【释】v. 到期；终止 (cease to be valid)

【近】invalid

【形】expiration

obsession /əbˈseʃn/

【释】n. 痴迷 (fixation)

【例】She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher.

【近】passion, mania, preoccupation

【形】obsessive

ceramic /səˈræmɪk/

【释】n. 陶瓷

【例】a collection of Chinese ceramics

fertilizer /ˈfɜːrtəlaɪzər/

【释】n. 肥料 (a substance added to soil to make plants grow more successfully)

【近】manure

feasible /ˈfiːzəbl/

【释】adj. 可行的 (possible to do easily)

【近】practical, viable

buffer /ˈbʌfər/

【释】v. 缓冲 (lessen the shock of)

【例】The wall buffers the noise of the traffic.

【近】cushion

indulge /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/

【释】v. 纵容，放纵 (allow someone to do what they want or enjoy)

【例】He loves his wife and indulges his sons.

【近】satisfy, yield to

【形】indulgent

chorus /ˈkɔːrəs/

【释】n. 合唱队

【近】choir, ensemble

revival /rɪˈvaɪvl/

【释】n. 复活；再生 (restoration)

wrestle /ˈresl/

【释】v. 扭打 (take part in a fight)

【例】Armed guards wrestled with the intruder.

【近】struggle

excursion /ɪkˈskɜːrʒn/

【释】n. 远足 (a short journey or trip)

【例】They went on a brief excursion to the coast.

【近】jaunt, outing, ramble

disastrous /dɪˈzæstrəs/

【释】adj. 灾难的 (catastrophic)

tablet /ˈtæblət/

【释】n. 刻写板

【释】n. 平板电脑

【近】slab, panel

civic /ˈsɪvɪk/

【释】adj. 城市的 (of or relating to a city)

【例】civic buildings/leaders

【近】municipal, urban

scrape /skreɪp/

【释】n./v. 刮擦

【例】She scraped the mud off her boots.

【近】scratch

【释】n. 困境

fuss /fʌs/

【释】n. 激动；大惊小怪 (a display of unnecessary or excessive excitement, activity, or interest)

【近】agitation

【用】make a fuss of/over sb./sth. 对某人/某事过于注意

vacant /ˈveɪkənt/

【释】adj. 空着的；空缺的

【例】a vacant house

【近】empty, blank

【反】full

【释】adj. 心不在焉的；茫然的

【例】a vacant look

recount /rɪˈkaʊnt/

【释】v. 详细叙述 (tell)

【例】They recounted what had happened during those years.

【近】relate, account

mansion /ˈmænʃn/

【释】n. 宅第

【例】a tour of Beverly Hills mansions

【近】home, hall, house

terrain /təˈreɪn/

【释】n. 地形 (natural features of an area of land)

【例】boots designed for rugged terrain

【近】land, ground, topography, landscape

intensify /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ/

【释】v. 加强 (become or make more intense)

【例】Violence intensified during the night.

【形】intense, intensity

supreme /suːˈpriːm/

【释】adj. 卓越的 (outstanding)

【例】the supreme champion

【近】chief, foremost

【反】insignificant

denounce /dɪˈnaʊns/

【释】v. 谴责 (strongly criticize somebody/something)

【例】The government called on the group to denounce the use of violence.

【近】condemn, criticize, damn

【反】praise

volatile /ˈvɑːlətl/

【释】adj. 多变的 (changing quickly from one mood to another)

【例】a highly volatile personality

【近】unpredictable, variable, erratic

【反】stable, constant

【释】adj. 易挥发的 (easily changing into a gas)

【例】volatile solvents such as petroleum

elicit /iˈlɪsɪt/

【释】v. 引出 (evoke or draw out)

【例】My question elicited no response.

【近】obtain, extract

prone /proʊn/

【释】adj. 倾向于 (inclined to do; susceptible)

【例】She is prone to fall asleep on long car journeys.

【近】susceptible, subject

【反】resistant, immune

【释】adj. 俯卧的

【例】in a prone position

pirate /ˈpaɪrət/

【释】n. 海盗

【释】v./n. 盗印(物)，盗版(物) (make use of or reproduce (another's work) without authorization)

【例】poor quality pirate videos

【近】steal

notorious /noʊˈtɔːriəs/

【释】adj. 臭名昭著的 (infamous)

【例】The company is notorious for paying its bills late.

disperse /dɪˈspɜːrs/

【释】v. 分散；使散开 (spread apart)

【例】Police ordered the crowd to disperse.

【近】scatter

【反】assemble, gather

【形】dispersion

brew /bruː/

【释】v./n. 酿制(啤酒)

【释】v. 冲泡 (make (tea or coffee) by mixing it with hot water)

【释】v. 酝酿(事件)

【例】The crisis had been brewing since the start of the year.

【近】ferment, prepare

【形】brewery

prose /proʊz/

【释】n./v. (写)散文

【释】n. 枯燥无味的话 (commonplace, or dull expression)

resent /rɪˈzent/

【释】v. 憎恨 (feel bitterness or indignation at)

【例】She resented being treated like a servant.

【近】abhor

【形】resentment, resentful

posture /ˈpɑːstʃər/

【释】n. 姿势 (physical position)

【近】pose

shrine /ʃraɪn/

【释】n. 圣地 (a place for worship)

【近】sanctum

adhere /ədˈhɪr/

【释】v. 粘附 (stick)

【例】Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria adhere to the surface of the red cells.

【近】cling

【形】adhesive

debris /dəˈbriː/

【释】n. 碎片，残骸 (remains)

【例】After the earthquake, rescuers began digging through the debris in search of survivors.

【近】rubbish, litter

frown /fraʊn/

【释】v. 皱眉 (furrow one's brow in an expression of disapproval, displeasure, or concentration)

bud /bʌd/

【释】n./v. (发)芽

【例】The tree is in bud already.

【近】sprout, shoot

ensue /ɪnˈsuː/

【释】v. 跟着发生，接着发生 (follow)

【例】The show ended, and a long standing ovation ensued.

【近】result, follow, develop, proceed