27 Douglas MacArthur
道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟，西点精英五星上将

名人标签

01 MacArthur was an American five-star general and Field Marshal of the Philippine Army.

麦克阿瑟是美国陆军的五星上将和菲律宾军队的元帅。

02 He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II.

他担任美国陆军参谋长，在第二次世界大战的太平洋战场上发挥了突出的作用。

了解他/她多少

Personal life

Raised in a military family in the American Old West, MacArthur was valedictorian（告别演说者）at the West Texas Military Academy and First Captain at the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he graduated top of the class of 1903. During the 1914 United States occupation of Veracruz, he conducted a reconnaissance mission（侦察任务）, for which he was nominated for the Medal of Honor. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines Campaign,which made him and his father Arthur MacArthur be, the first father and son to be awarded the medal. He was one of only five men ever to rise to the rank of General of the Army in the US Army and the only man ever to become a field marshal in the Philippine Army.

阅读超链接

道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟出生于阿肯色州小岩城的陆军军营，他的父亲阿瑟·麦克阿瑟因参加南北战争曾获荣誉勋章。1903年，道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟自西点军校以第一名的成绩毕业，且他的成绩是西点军校创办一百年来最好的。他是美国最年轻的准将、西点军校最年轻的校长、美国陆军历史上最年轻的陆军参谋长，其三个“最年轻”的经历堪称美国战争史上的奇才。

Career

During the 1914 United States occupation of Veracruz, he conducted a reconnaissance mission, for which he was nominated for the Medal of Honor. In 1917, he was promoted from major to colonel（陆军上校）and became chief of staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division. In the fighting on the Western Front during World War I, he rose to the rank of brigadier general and was again nominated for a Medal of Honor and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross twice and the Silver Star seven times. From 1919 to 1922, MacArthur served as Superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, where he attempted a series of reforms. In 1925, he became the Army's youngest major general. In 1930, he became Chief of Staff of the United States Army. He retired from the U.S. Army in 1937 to become Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines.

阅读超链接

1944年麦克阿瑟被授予陆军五星上将。第二次世界大战时期历任美国远东军司令，西南太平洋战区盟军司令，战后出任驻日盟军最高司令和“联合国军”总司令等职。他因在菲律宾战役中的表现获颁荣誉勋章，他和父亲阿瑟·麦克阿瑟是史上第一对同时获得荣誉勋章的父子。他是美国陆海空三军中获得勋章最多的将军，也是美国将军中唯一一个参加过第一次世界大战、第二次世界大战和朝鲜战争的人。

妙语连珠

The shadows（影子）are lengthening for me. The twilight is here. My days of old have vanished（无影无踪）, tone and tint. They have gone glimmering（隐约地一瞥）through the dreams of things that were. Their memory is one of wondrous beauty, watered by tears, and coaxed and caressed by the smiles of yesterday. I listen vainly, but with thirsty ears, for the witching（施行巫术）melody of faint bugles blowing reveille, of far drums beating the long roll. In my dreams I hear again the crash of guns, the rattle of musketry（步枪）and the strange, mournful mutter of the battlefield. But in the evening of my memory, always I come back to West Point. Always there echoes and re-echoes: Duty, Honor, Country. Today marks my final roll call with you, but I want you to know that when I cross the river my last conscious thoughts will be of The Corps and The Corps and The Corps. I bid you farewell.

阅读超链接

麦克阿瑟在国会大厦发表了题为《老兵不死》的著名演讲。我即将结束52年的军旅生涯。我从军是在本世纪开始之前，而这是我童年的希望与梦想的实现。自从我在西点军校的教练场上宣誓以来，这个世界已经过多次变化，而我的希望与梦想早已消逝，但我仍记着当时最流行的一首军歌词，极为自豪地宣示“老兵永远不死，只会慢慢凋零”。