Abstract

Guided by the scientific development concept，based on the collecting and tidying a wide range of related literatures at home and abroad and the actual investigation data，this book mainly discusses the present situation，problems and restricting factors of the rural labor force going out for employment on the background of coordinating rural and urban areas，systematically analyzes the employment structure optimization effect of urban-rural labor market integration in China，and puts forward the path choice，general thought and countermeasures in order to accelerate realizing urban-rural labor market integration in China. The main contents are as follows：

（1）Using the theoretical analysis method，this book discusses the basic connotation and target mode，the realized condition and correlation of the urban-rural labor market integration and the employment structure optimization，and considers that the core of the urban-rural labor market integration is the rights equality，the key is the factors flow，the premise is the institutional innovation，the goal is the market-oriented employment mechanism，and the characteristic is equal status，free flow，open communication and resource sharing in urban and rural areas；The integration of urban-rural labor market can greatly optimize the employment structure，promote the coordinated development of the urban and rural economy and society，and is an effective way to realize the scientific development，social harmony and building a overall well-off society in China.

（2）Using the questionnaire and statistical analysis，the book empirically analyzes and summarizes the present situation，problems and restricting factors （mainly including the institutional factors-the segmented household registration system and social security system in urban and rural areas；the economic factors-the different industrial structure and capital investment in urban and rural areas；the social factors-the different education culture level and concepts in urban and rural areas） of the urban-rural labor market integration and the employment structure optimization in China.

（3）Using the correlation analysis and regression analysis，the book makes a transverse empirical research on the correlation between the urban-rural income gap and the employment structure evolution based on the data of 31 provincial regions in China，and finds the optimization and adjustment of regional industrial employment structure can have significant effect on the integration development of regional urban-rural labor market，and the greatly increase of the regional non-agricultural employment helps to reduce the employment structure deviation degree，optimize the industrial structure of employment，narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents. Using co-integration analysis and granger causality analysis，the book also makes a longitudinal empirical analysis of employment structure optimization effect of China’s urban-rural labor market integration in 1978-2009，and finds that there is a close relationship （that is a long-term stable reverse equilibrium relationship） between the urban-rural income gap evolution and the employment structure transformation，both have certain interaction and causality each other.

（4）Using the comparative analysis，the book transversely contrasts the experience and practice of the urban-rural labor market integration across both at home and abroad；On the basis of theoretical analysis，empirical analysis and experience reference，using deductive reasoning method，the book also discusses the evolution path choice of China’s urban-rural labor market integration：the system marketization-the government servicization – the society legalization，and put forward the corresponding general thought，basic target and strategic steps.

（5）Using the logic classification and summary induction，this book puts forward the institutional innovation，countermeasure proposals for the current urban-rural labor market integration in China：①Urban-Rural unification of the household registration management system，promoting the free flow，optimized allocation and reasonable use of urban-rural labor resources；②Urban-Rural harmony of the employment and security system，promoting national free transfer in the social security and fair competition in the labor force employment；③Urban-Rural sharing of the education and training resources，building the network of urban-rural human resources development and employment service system to improve the quality of the labor force；④Urban-Rural rationalization of the industrial structure adjustment，accelerating the rural industrialization and urbanization to improve the non-agricultural level of employment structure；⑤Urban-Rural coordination of the public finance allocation，strengthening the financial support for the rural labor employment to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents；⑥Urban-Rural uniformization of the market supervision and regulation，establishing and perfecting the legal system and protection mechanism of employment rights for all workers in urban and rural areas.