第六章 证据
Chapter Ⅵ Evidence
第六十三条 证据包括：
（一）当事人的陈述；
（二）书证；
（三）物证；
（四）视听资料；
（五）电子数据；
（六）证人证言；
（七）鉴定意见；
（八）勘验笔录。
证据必须查证属实，才能作为认定事实的根据。
Article 63 Evidence shall include：
（1）Statements of the parties concerned；
（2）Documentary evidence；
（3）Physical evidence；
（4）Audio-visual materials；
（5）Electronic data；
（6）Witness' testimony；
（7）Expert opinions; and
（8）Inspection records in writing.
Evidence shall be examined and proved as the grounds for ascertaining facts.
第六十四条 当事人对自己提出的主张，有责任提供证据。
当事人及其诉讼代理人因客观原因不能自行收集的证据，或者人民法院认为审理案件需要的证据，人民法院应当调查收集。
人民法院应当按照法定程序，全面地、客观地审查核实证据。
Article 64 It is the duty of a party to an action to provide evidence in support of his allegations.
If, for objective reasons, a party and his agent ad litem are unable to collect the evidence by themselves or if the people's court considers the evidence necessary for the trial of the case, the people's court shall investigate and collect it.
The people's court shall, in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the law, examine and verify evidence comprehensively and objectively.
第六十五条 当事人对自己提出的主张应当及时提供证据。
人民法院根据当事人的主张和案件审理情况，确定当事人应当提供的证据及其期限。当事人在该期限内提供证据确有困难的，可以向人民法院申请延长期限，人民法院根据当事人的申请适当延长。当事人逾期提供证据的，人民法院应当责令其说明理由；拒不说明理由或者理由不成立的，人民法院根据不同情形可以不予采纳该证据，或者采纳该证据但予以训诫、罚款。
Article 65 The parties concerned shall provide evidence in a timely manner to support their claims.
The people's court shall determine the evidence which should be provided by the parties respectively and the time limit thereof based on the claims of the parties and the progress of the proceedings. Where a party has difficulty in providing evidence within the given time limit, it may apply to the people's court for an extension and the people's court may extend the time limit appropriately according to the application of the party. Where a party provide evidence after the given time limit, the people's court shall order the party to explain the reason. Where the party refuses to explain the reason or the reason is not justifiable, the people's court may, according to the circumstances, reject such evidence, or admit such evidence but give a warning or impose a fine.
第六十六条 人民法院收到当事人提交的证据材料，应当出具收据，写明证据名称、页数、份数、原件或者复印件以及收到时间等，并由经办人员签名或者盖章。
Article 66 After receiving the evidentiary materials submitted by the party concerned, the people's court shall issue a receipt indicating the name of the evidentiary materials, the number of pages, copies, original or photocopy, and the receiving time, and bearing the signature or seal of the handlers.
第六十七条 人民法院有权向有关单位和个人调查取证，有关单位和个人不得拒绝。
人民法院对有关单位和个人提出的证明文书，应当辨别真伪，审查确定其效力。
Article 67 The people's court shall have the right to make investigation and collect evidence from the relevant units or individuals; such units or individuals may not refuse to provide information and evidence.
The people's court shall verify the authenticity, examine and determine the validity of the certifying documents provided by the relevant units or individuals.
第六十八条 证据应当在法庭上出示，并由当事人互相质证。对涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私的证据应当保密，需要在法庭出示的，不得在公开开庭时出示。
Article 68 Evidence shall be presented in court and cross-examined by the parties concerned. But evidence that involves State secrets, trade secrets and personal privacy shall be kept confidential. If it needs to be presented in court, such evidence shall not be presented in an open court session.
第六十九条 经过法定程序公证证明的法律事实和文书，人民法院应当作为认定事实的根据，但有相反证据足以推翻公证证明的除外。
Article 69 The people's court shall take the facts and documents legalized by notarization according to legal procedures as the basis for ascertaining facts, unless there is evidence to the contrary sufficient to invalidate the notarization.
第七十条 书证应当提交原件。物证应当提交原物。提交原件或者原物确有困难的，可以提交复制品、照片、副本、节录本。
提交外文书证，必须附有中文译本。
Article 70 Any document submitted as evidence must be the original. Material evidence must also be original. If it is truly difficult to present the original document or thing, then reproductions, photographs, duplicates or extracts of the original may be submitted.
If a document in a foreign language is submitted as evidence, a Chinese translation must be appended.
第七十一条 人民法院对视听资料，应当辨别真伪，并结合本案的其他证据，审查确定能否作为认定事实的根据。
Article 71 The people's court shall verify audio-visual material and determine after their examination in the light of other evidence in the case whether they can be taken as a basis for ascertaining the facts.
第七十二条 凡是知道案件情况的单位和个人，都有义务出庭作证。有关单位的负责人应当支持证人作证。
不能正确表达意思的人，不能作证。
Article 72 Any entity or individual that has information of a case has the obligation to testify at court. The person in charge of the relevant entity shall encourage the witness to testify.
A person who is unable to correctly express himself shall not testify.
第七十三条 经人民法院通知，证人应当出庭作证。有下列情形之一的，经人民法院许可，可以通过书面证言、视听传输技术或者视听资料等方式作证：
（一）因健康原因不能出庭的；
（二）因路途遥远，交通不便不能出庭的；
（三）因自然灾害等不可抗力不能出庭的；
（四）其他有正当理由不能出庭的。
Article 73 Upon the notification of the people's court, a witness shall testify in court. A witness may testify in the ways such as written testimony, audio-visual transmission technology or audio-visual materials upon the permission of the people's court if the witness is in one of the following circumstances：
（1）He cannot appear in court for the reason of health；
（2）He cannot appear in court for the reason of long distance and inconvenient traffic；
（3）He cannot appear in court due to natural disaster or any other force majeure; or
（4）He cannot appear in court for any other justified reason.
第七十四条 证人因履行出庭作证义务而支出的交通、住宿、就餐等必要费用以及误工损失，由败诉一方当事人负担。当事人申请证人作证的，由该当事人先行垫付；当事人没有申请，人民法院通知证人作证的，由人民法院先行垫付。
Article 74 The necessary expenses paid by a witness for performance of the obligation to testify before the court, such as traffic expense, accommodation and meals, as well as the loss of working time shall be borne by the losing party. Where a party applies for a witness to give his testimony, the expenses shall be advanced by the party. Where a party does not apply for a witness to testify, but the people's court so notifies the witness, the expenses shall be advanced by the people's court.
第七十五条 人民法院对当事人的陈述，应当结合本案的其他证据，审查确定能否作为认定事实的根据。
当事人拒绝陈述的，不影响人民法院根据证据认定案件事实。
Article 75 The people's court shall examine the statements of the parties concerned in the light of other evidence in the case to determine whether the statements can be taken as a basis for ascertaining the facts.
The refusal of a party to make statements shall not prevent the people's court from ascertaining the facts of a case on the basis of other evidence.
第七十六条 当事人可以就查明事实的专门性问题向人民法院申请鉴定。当事人申请鉴定的，由双方当事人协商确定具备资格的鉴定人；协商不成的，由人民法院指定。
当事人未申请鉴定，人民法院对专门性问题认为需要鉴定的，应当委托具备资格的鉴定人进行鉴定。
Article 76 A party may apply with the people's court for expert evaluation on specific issues concerning the facts. In such a case, a qualified expert may be determined by the two parties through consultation. If consultation fails, an expert shall be appointed by the people's court.
Where a party does not applied for expert evaluation but the people's court deems it necessary for certain specific issues, the court shall appoint a qualified expert to conduct expert evaluation.
第七十七条 鉴定人有权了解进行鉴定所需要的案件材料，必要时可以询问当事人、证人。
鉴定人应当提出书面鉴定意见，在鉴定书上签名或者盖章。
Article 77 An expert has the right to access the case documents required for expert evaluation, and may inquire the parties concerned and the witnesses when necessary.
The expert shall present the expert opinions in writing and sign or seal on the expert report.
第七十八条 当事人对鉴定意见有异议或者人民法院认为鉴定人有必要出庭的，鉴定人应当出庭作证。经人民法院通知，鉴定人拒不出庭作证的，鉴定意见不得作为认定事实的根据；支付鉴定费用的当事人可以要求返还鉴定费用。
Article 78 Where the party disagrees on the expert opinions or the people's court deems it necessary for the expert to testify in court, the expert shall appear in court for testimony. Where the expert refuses to testify in court upon notification of the people's court, the expert opinions shall not be taken as the basis for ascertaining facts. The party paying the evaluation fees may request for the refunding of the evaluation fees.
第七十九条 当事人可以申请人民法院通知有专门知识的人出庭，就鉴定人作出的鉴定意见或者专业问题提出意见。
Article 79 The parties concerned may apply to the people's court for notifying the person with professional knowledge to appear before court and give his opinions with respect to the expert opinions issued by the expert or to relevant professional issues.
第八十条 勘验物证或者现场，勘验人必须出示人民法院的证件，并邀请当地基层组织或者当事人所在单位派人参加。当事人或者当事人的成年家属应当到场，拒不到场的，不影响勘验的进行。
有关单位和个人根据人民法院的通知，有义务保护现场，协助勘验工作。
勘验人应当将勘验情况和结果制作笔录，由勘验人、当事人和被邀参加人签名或者盖章。
Article 80 When inspecting material evidence or a site, the inspector must produce his papers issued by a people's court. He shall request the local grass-roots organization or the unit to which the party to the action belongs send persons to participate in the inspection. The party concerned or an adult member of his family shall be present; their refusal to appear on the scene, however, shall not hinder the inspection.
Upon notification by the people's court, the relevant units and individuals shall be under the obligation of preserving the site and assisting the inspection.
The inspector shall make a written record of the circumstances and results of the inspection, which shall be duly signed or sealed by the inspector, the party concerned and the participants requested to be present.
第八十一条 在证据可能灭失或者以后难以取得的情况下，当事人可以在诉讼过程中向人民法院申请保全证据，人民法院也可以主动采取保全措施。
因情况紧急，在证据可能灭失或者以后难以取得的情况下，利害关系人可以在提起诉讼或者申请仲裁前向证据所在地、被申请人住所地或者对案件有管辖权的人民法院申请保全证据。
证据保全的其他程序，参照适用本法第九章保全的有关规定。
Article 81 Under the circumstances in which evidence may be lost or it will be difficult to collect the evidence in future, the party concerned may apply with the people's court for preservation of such evidence in the proceedings, and the people's court may also take the initiative to take preservative measures.
Under the emergencies in which evidence may be lost or it will be difficult to collect the evidence in future, an interested party may, before the case or arbitration is filed, apply for preservation of such evidence with the people's court in the place where the evidence in question is located or the place where the person against whom the application is filed resides, or with the people's court that has jurisdiction over the case.
With regard to other procedures for the preservation of evidence, the relevant provisions of Chapter Ⅸ entitled -Preservation- herein shall apply as a reference.