第一编 总则
Part One General Provisions
第一章 基本原则
Chapter Ⅰ Basic Principles
第一条 为了维护国家基本经济制度，维护社会主义市场经济秩序，明确物的归属，发挥物的效用，保护权利人的物权，根据宪法，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution for the purpose of upholding the basic economic system of the State, maintaining the order of the socialist market economy, defining the attribution of things, giving play to the usefulness of things and protecting the property right of obligees.
第二条 因物的归属和利用而产生的民事关系，适用本法。
本法所称物，包括不动产和动产。法律规定权利作为物权客体的，依照其规定。
本法所称物权，是指权利人依法对特定的物享有直接支配和排他的权利，包括所有权、用益物权和担保物权。
Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to civil relationships stemming from attribution and use of things.
For the purposes of this Law, things include the immovables and the movables. Where laws stipulate that rights are taken as objects of the property right, the provisions of such laws shall prevail.
The property right mentioned in this Law means the exclusive right enjoyed by the obligee to directly dominate a given thing according to law, which consists of the right of ownership, the usufruct and the security interest on property.
第三条 国家在社会主义初级阶段，坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度。
国家巩固和发展公有制经济，鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济的发展。
国家实行社会主义市场经济，保障一切市场主体的平等法律地位和发展权利。
Article 3 In the primary stage of socialism, the State upholds the basic economic system under which public ownership is dominant and the economic sectors of diverse forms of ownership develop side by side.
The State consolidates and develops the public sectors of the economy, and encourages, supports and guides to the development of the non-public sectors of the economy.
The State maintains a socialist market economy and guarantees the equal legal status and the right to development of all the mainstays of the market.
第四条 国家、集体、私人的物权和其他权利人的物权受法律保护，任何单位和个人不得侵犯。
Article 4 The property right of the State, the collectives, the individual persons and other obligees are protected by law, and no units or individuals shall encroach on it.
第五条 物权的种类和内容，由法律规定。
Article 5 The categories and contents of the property right shall be stipulated by law.
第六条 不动产物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，应当依照法律规定登记。动产物权的设立和转让，应当依照法律规定交付。
Article 6 The creation, alteration, transfer or extinction of the property right of the immovables shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of law. The property right of the movables shall be created or transferred upon delivery in accordance with the provisions of law.
第七条 物权的取得和行使，应当遵守法律，尊重社会公德，不得损害公共利益和他人合法权益。
Article 7 The law shall be observed and social ethics shall be respected in acquiring or exercising the property right and public interests and the lawful rights and interests of another person shall not be jeopardized.
第八条 其他相关法律对物权另有特别规定的，依照其规定。
Article 8 Where other laws specially provide for the property right otherwise, the provisions there shall prevail.
第二章 物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭
Chapter Ⅱ Creation, Alteration, Transfer and Extinction of the Property Right
第一节 不动产登记
Section 1 Registration of the Immovables
第九条 不动产物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，经依法登记，发生效力；未经登记，不发生效力，但法律另有规定的除外。
依法属于国家所有的自然资源，所有权可以不登记。
Article 9 The creation, alteration, transfer or extinction of the property right shall become valid upon registration according to law;otherwise it shall not become valid, unless otherwise provided for by law.
Registration of ownership of all the natural resources which are owned by the State in accordance with law may be dispensed with.
第十条 不动产登记，由不动产所在地的登记机构办理。
国家对不动产实行统一登记制度。统一登记的范围、登记机构和登记办法，由法律、行政法规规定。
Article 10 Registration of the immovables shall be handled by the registration authority at the place where they are located.
The State practices a unified system of registration with respect to the immovables. The scope of unified registration, the registration authority and the measures for registration shall be stipulated by law and administrative regulations.
第十一条 当事人申请登记，应当根据不同登记事项提供权属证明和不动产界址、面积等必要材料。
Article 11 To apply for registration, the party concerned shall, on the basis of the different matters for registration, submit the certificate of the attribution of right and the necessary materials on boundary and the area of the immovables, etc.
第十二条 登记机构应当履行下列职责：
（一）查验申请人提供的权属证明和其他必要材料；
（二）就有关登记事项询问申请人；
（三）如实、及时登记有关事项；
（四）法律、行政法规规定的其他职责。
申请登记的不动产的有关情况需要进一步证明的，登记机构可以要求申请人补充材料，必要时可以实地查看。
Article 12 The registration authority shall perform the following duties:
（1） to examine the certificate of the attribution of right and the other necessary materials submitted by the applicant;
（2） to inquire of the applicant about the matters for registration;
（3） to register the relevant matters truthfully and in a timely manner; and
（4） to perform the other duties provided for by laws and administrative regulations.
Where further certification of the condition of the immovables, the registration of which is applied for, is needed, the registration authority may require the applicant to supplement the materials and may, when necessary, check them on the spot.
第十三条 登记机构不得有下列行为：
（一）要求对不动产进行评估；
（二）以年检等名义进行重复登记；
（三）超出登记职责范围的其他行为。
Article 13 The registration authority shall not do any of the following:
（1） demanding evaluation of the immovables;
（2） making repeated registration in the name of annual inspection, etc.; or
（3） doing other things beyond the limits of its duty for registration.
第十四条 不动产物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，依照法律规定应当登记的，自记载于不动产登记簿时发生效力。
Article 14 Where the creation, alteration, transfer and extinction of the property right of the immovables are required to be registered according to the provisions of law, they shall become valid as of the time when they are entered in the register of the immovables.
第十五条 当事人之间订立有关设立、变更、转让和消灭不动产物权的合同，除法律另有规定或者合同另有约定外，自合同成立时生效；未办理物权登记的，不影响合同效力。
Article 15 The contract made between the parties concerned on the creation, alteration, transfer or extinction of the property right of the immovables shall become valid as of the time when the contract is concluded, unless otherwise provided for by law or agreed upon in the contract; and where the property right is not registered, it shall not affect the validity of the contract.
第十六条 不动产登记簿是物权归属和内容的根据。
不动产登记簿由登记机构管理。
Article 16 The register of the immovables provides the basis for the attribution and contents of the property right.
The register of the immovables shall be kept by the registration authority.
第十七条 不动产权属证书是权利人享有该不动产物权的证明。不动产权属证书记载的事项，应当与不动产登记簿一致；记载不一致的，除有证据证明不动产登记簿确有错误外，以不动产登记簿为准。
Article 17 The right attribution certificate of the immovables is the proof that the obligee is entitled to the property right of the said immovables. The items recorded in the right attribution certificate of the immovables shall be consistent with what is recorded in the register of the immovables; and in case of inconsistencies, what is recorded in the register of the immovables shall be taken as the standard unless there is evidence to prove that there are errors in what is recorded in the register of the immovables.
第十八条 权利人、利害关系人可以申请查询、复制登记资料，登记机构应当提供。
Article 18 The obligee or the interested party may apply for consulting and duplicating the registered information, and the registration authority shall provide such materials accordingly.
第十九条 权利人、利害关系人认为不动产登记簿记载的事项错误的，可以申请更正登记。不动产登记簿记载的权利人书面同意更正或者有证据证明登记确有错误的，登记机构应当予以更正。
不动产登记簿记载的权利人不同意更正的，利害关系人可以申请异议登记。登记机构予以异议登记的，申请人在异议登记之日起十五日内不起诉，异议登记失效。异议登记不当，造成权利人损害的，权利人可以向申请人请求损害赔偿。
Article 19 Where the obligee or the interested party believes that there are errors in what is recorded in the register of the immovables, he may apply for correction. Where the obligee recorded in the register of the immovables agrees in written form to make corrections or there is evidence to prove that there are definitely errors in the registration, the registration authority shall make corrections accordingly.
Where the obligee recorded in the register of the immovables disagrees on making corrections, the interested party may apply for the registration of disagreement. Where the registration authority registers the disagreement, the applicant in question fails to file a lawsuit within 15 days from the date the disagreement is registered, such a registration shall become invalid. If damages are caused to the obligee due to inappropriate registration of disagreement, the obligee may request the applicant to make compensation.
第二十条 当事人签订买卖房屋或者其他不动产物权的协议，为保障将来实现物权，按照约定可以向登记机构申请预告登记。预告登记后，未经预告登记的权利人同意，处分该不动产的，不发生物权效力。
预告登记后，债权消灭或者自能够进行不动产登记之日起三个月内未申请登记的，预告登记失效。
Article 20 When the party concerned intends to sign an agreement on the purchase or sale of a house or other property right of immovables, he may, in accordance with what is agreed upon, apply to the registration authority in advance for registration, in order to ensure the realization of his property right in future. Where after the registration is made in advance, such immovables are disposed of without the consent of the obligee who is recorded in the registration in advance, the property right of such immovables shall be invalid.
Where after the registration is made in advance, the creditor's rights extinguish or no application for registration of the immovables is made within three months from the date when such registration can be made, the registration made in advance shall become invalid.
第二十一条 当事人提供虚假材料申请登记，给他人造成损害的，应当承担赔偿责任。
因登记错误，给他人造成损害的，登记机构应当承担赔偿责任。登记机构赔偿后，可以向造成登记错误的人追偿。
Article 21 Where the party concerned submits false materials when applying for registration, thus causing damages to another person, he shall be liable for compensation.
Where damages are caused to another person due to the errors made in registration, the registration authority shall be liable for compensation. After making the compensation, the said authority may have recourse to the person who makes the errors in registration.
第二十二条 不动产登记费按件收取，不得按照不动产的面积、体积或者价款的比例收取。具体收费标准由国务院有关部门会同价格主管部门规定。
Article 22 Charges for registration of the immovables shall be collected piece by piece and shall not be collected on the basis of the areas or sizes of the immovables or in proportion to the purchase prices. The specific rates for the charges shall be prescribed by relevant department under the State Council together with the department of pricing.
第二节 动产交付
Section 2 Delivery of the Movables
第二十三条 动产物权的设立和转让，自交付时发生效力，但法律另有规定的除外。
Article 23 The creation or transfer of the property right of the movables shall become valid as of the time of their delivery, unless otherwise provided for by law.
第二十四条 船舶、航空器和机动车等物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，未经登记，不得对抗善意第三人。
Article 24 Before registration, the creation, alteration, transfer or extinction of the property right of the vessels, aircraft, motor vehicles, etc. shall not be used against a bona fide third party.
第二十五条 动产物权设立和转让前，权利人已经依法占有该动产的，物权自法律行为生效时发生效力。
Article 25 Where an obligee has already possessed the movables according to law prior to the creation or transfer of the property right of such movables, the property right shall become valid as of the time when such legal act becomes effective.
第二十六条 动产物权设立和转让前，第三人依法占有该动产的，负有交付义务的人可以通过转让请求第三人返还原物的权利代替交付。
Article 26 Where a third party has taken possession of the movables according to law prior to the creation or transfer of the property right of the said movables, the person who is obligated to deliver the movables may do so, instead, through transferring the right of requesting the third party to return the original movables.
第二十七条 动产物权转让时，双方又约定由出让人继续占有该动产的，物权自该约定生效时发生效力。
Article 27 Where both parties agree that the transferor continues to possess the movables while the property right of such movables is being transferred, the said property right shall be valid as of the time when the said agreement becomes effective.
第三节 其他规定
Section 3 Other Provisions
第二十八条 因人民法院、仲裁委员会的法律文书或者人民政府的征收决定等，导致物权设立、变更、转让或者消灭的，自法律文书或者人民政府的征收决定等生效时发生效力。
Article 28 Where the property right is created, altered or transferred or extinguishes in accordance with the legal document of a people's court or an arbitration committee or a decision made by a people's government on expropriation, etc., such creation, alteration, transfer and extinction shall become valid as of the time when the said document or decision comes into effect.
第二十九条 因继承或者受遗赠取 得物权的，自继承或者受遗赠开始时发生效力。
Article 29 Where the property right is obtained through inheritance or acceptance of legacy, such property right shall become valid as of the time of inheritance or acceptance of legacy.
第三十条 因合法建造、拆除房屋等事实行为设立或者消灭物权的，自事实行为成就时发生效力。
Article 30 Where the property right is created or extinguishes due to such factual acts as lawful construction and demolition of houses, such property right shall become valid as of the time when the factual acts are achieved.
第三十一条 依照本法第二十八条至第三十条规定享有不动产物权的，处分该物权时，依照法律规定需要办理登记的，未经登记，不发生物权效力。
Article 31 Where a person enjoys the property right over the immovables in accordance with the provisions of Articles 28 through 30 of this Law, and registration is required according to the provisions of laws, when such property right is disposed of, the property right shall be invalid if no registration is made.
第三章 物权的保护
Chapter Ⅲ Protection of the Property Right
第三十二条 物权受到侵害的，权利人可以通过和解、调解、仲裁、诉讼等途径解决。
Article 32 Where the property right is encroached on, the obligee may have the matter settled by means of conciliation, mediation, arbitration or litigation.
第三十三条 因物权的归属、内容发生争议的，利害关系人可以请求确认权利。
Article 33 Where a dispute arises over the attribution or contents of the property right, the interested parties may request confirmation of their right.
第三十四条 无权占有不动产或者动产的，权利人可以请求返还原物。
Article 34 Where a person takes possession of the immovables or movables without the right to do so, the obligee may request return of the original immovables or movables.
第三十五条 妨害物权或者可能妨害物权的，权利人可以请求排除妨害或者消除危险。
Article 35 Where the property right is impaired or is likely to be impaired, the obligee may request removal of such impairment or elimination of the potential danger.
第三十六条 造成不动产或者动产毁损的，权利人可以请求修理、重作、更换或者恢复原状。
Article 36 Where the immovables or movables are damaged or destroyed, the obligee may request repairs, reconstruction or remaking, replacement or restoration to their original state.
第三十七条 侵害物权，造成权利人损害的，权利人可以请求损害赔偿，也可以请求承担其他民事责任。
Article 37 Where the infringement of the property right causes damages to an obligee, the obligee may request compensation for the damages and may also request the infringing party to assume other civil liabilities.
第三十八条 本章规定的物权保护方式，可以单独适用，也可以根据权利被侵害的情形合并适用。
侵害物权，除承担民事责任外，违反行政管理规定的，依法承担行政责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Article 38 The forms for protection of the property right as provided for in this Chapter may be applied separately and may also be applied otherwise, depending on the circumstances of infringement.
Apart from bearing civil liability for infringement on the property right, a person who, in addition, violates the administrative provisions shall bear administrative liability according to law; and if a crime is constituted, he shall be investigated for criminal liability according to law.