Ⅱ.Words and Expressions

enormous[ɪˈnɔːməs]adj.very large in size, quantity, or extent 庞大的，巨大的

scale [skeɪl]n.the relative size or extent of something 规模，比例

remote [rɪˈməʊt]adj.distant in space or time 遥远的；偏僻的

splendor [ˈsplendə]n.magnificent and splendid appearance 光彩；壮丽trek [trek]n.any long and difficult trip 艰苦跋涉

transfer [trænsˈfɜː（r）]v.shift the position or location of; cause to change ownership 使转移；调任；转让

n.the act of transporting something from one location to another 转让；转移

renovate [ˈrenəveɪt]v.restore to a previous or better condition 修复；革新

vicious [ˈvɪʃəs]adj.very bad or severe 恶劣的；恶性的

flourish [ˈflʌrɪʃ]v.be successful; develop quickly and strongly 繁荣；兴旺

inequity [ɪnˈekwəti]n.lack of fairness or justice 不公平，不公正

brutality [bruːˈtæləti]n.cruel and violent treatment or behavior 残忍demographer [dɪˈmɒɡrəfə（r）]n．人口学家

discriminate [dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt]v.treat differently on the basis of sex or race; distinguish; recognize or perceive the difference 歧视；区别；辨别

sonogram [ˈsɒnəɡræm]n．超声波扫描图

scarce [skeəs]adj.insufficient for the demand 短缺的

remarkable[rɪˈmɑːkəbl]adj.worthy of attention; striking 值得注意的；非凡的

mortality [mɔːˈtæləti]n.the number of people who die 死亡人数

persistent [pəˈsɪstənt]adj.continuing to exist for a long time 持续的

transformative [trænsˈfɔːmətɪv]adj.causing a marked change 变化的；变革的

utilize [ˈjuːtəlaɪz]v.make practical and effective use of 利用

agenda [əˈdʒendə]n.a list of the items that have to be discussed at a meeting 议程

traffic [ˈtræfɪk]v.（trafficking, trafficked）deal or trade in something illegal 从事非法买卖

substantial [səbˈstænʃl]adj.large in amount or degree; real and tangible rather than imaginary 大量的，可观的；实质的

disposable [dɪˈspəʊzəbl]adj.that can be thrown away after it has been used 可任意处理的；一次性的

maternal [məˈtɜːnl]adj.related to a mother 母亲的；母亲般的

devastate [ˈdevəsteɪt]v.destroy something totally 毁灭；毁坏

incontinent [ɪnˈkɒntɪnənt]adj.lacking self-restraint; not having control over urination and defecation 不能自制的；[医]失禁的

curse [kɜːs]v.use magic words against someone in order to harm him or her 诅咒

n.offensive word or phrase used to express anger or annoyance 诅咒；咒骂

predictable [prɪˈdɪktəbl]adj.that can be foretold 可预知的

enlighten [ɪnˈlaɪtn]v.make understand; give insight to 启发；启蒙

miserable [ˈmɪzrəbl]adj.very unhappy or depressed 痛苦的；悲惨的

embroidery [ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri]n．刺绣（品）

mumble [ˈmʌmbl]v.say something unclearly and usually quietly 咕哝

n.a soft indistinct utterance 咕哝

irrigation [ɪrɪˈɡeɪʃn]n.supplying dry land with water by means of channels 灌溉

elevate [ˈelɪveɪt]v.raise higher; promote 举起；提升

steadfast [ˈstedfɑːst]adj.firm and determined 坚定的；毫不动摇的

lottery [ˈlɒtəri]n.something that is regarded as a chance event 彩票；碰运气的事