华盛顿史密森学会致力文化保护培训 Smithsonian Institution Provides Training on Protecting Cultural Sites
News Background
新闻导读
美国华盛顿史密森学会（Smithsonian Institution），是唯一由美国政府资助、半官方性质的第三部门博物馆机构。由英国科学家詹姆斯·史密森遗赠捐款，根据美国国会法令于1846年创建于首都华盛顿。学会下设14所博物馆和1所国立动物园。14所博物馆中，有弗里尔美术馆、阿瑟·M.萨克勒美术馆、国立美国历史博物馆、国立自然历史博物馆、国立美国艺术博物馆、国立肖像馆、国立航空和航天博物馆、赫什霍恩博物馆和雕塑园、美术和工业大厦、伦威克美术馆、阿纳卡斯蒂亚地区博物馆、库柏-休伊斯博物馆等。
News Transcript
新闻正文
The U. S.State Department partnered with the Smithsonian Institution to engage religious minority groups directly, providing them with training and information on preserving cultural sites and objects that are at risk.Some of these preventative methods are simple, but effective said Special Advisor Thames：“There was a training that went on in northern Syria, where churches were trained about how to stack ；sand bags in front of ancient frescos and murals so that if a mortar shell were to land, the explosive force would be dissipated by the sand bags-it wouldn't hurt the mural.And they had these very striking before and after pictures of a room full of sandbags, the bomb tragically hit, the sand bags are exploded but the mural is fne.”
Trainings also include information on protecting movable artifacts by creating digital documentation of the items that can be stored remotely. The Smithsonian Institute has created a special outreach program in Erbil, Iraq, that is dedicated to the effort.
“These communities that are so unique, that create this mosaic of culture and religion，”said Special Advisor Thames.“They can be pieced back together and protecting their common culture can be a way to do that.”
Translaton
参考译文
美国国务院与华盛顿史密森学会合作以达到直接与宗教少数群体接触的目的，为他们提供有关保护濒危文化遗址和文物的培训和信息。这些预防性措施中有一些简单又有成效，特别顾问泰晤士说：“我们曾在叙利亚北部做过一次培训，教那里的各个教堂如何在古老的壁画前堆砌沙袋，这样就能在迫击炮弹坠落后，通过沙袋来消散爆炸的冲力——从而保护壁画。他们的确曾经历过这种惊心动魄的场景，在将沙袋满满地堆砌在房间中的壁画前后，在炸弹不幸坠落后，这些沙袋虽然分崩离析，但壁画完好无损。”
培训还包括传授关于保护可挪动的人工作品的信息，教学方法是制作可以远程储存的物品的电子文件。华盛顿史密森学会在伊拉克的埃尔比勒已经创建了一个特殊的外展计划，该计划就是致力于这个方面的。
“这些社群都是独一无二的，正是他们创造了文化和地区的美好画面，”特别顾问泰晤士说，“他们可以一片片拼凑完整，而保护它们的共有文化正是拼凑完整的途径之一。”
Listening Comprehension
听力理解
1.The U.S.State Department partnered with the Smithsonian Institution to engage religious minority groups directly, providing them with training and information on____cultural sites and objects that are at risk.
2.There was a training that went on in northern Syria, where churches were trained about how to stack sand bags____ancient frescos and murals.
A. in front of
B. in the front of
C. in front
3.The Smithsonian Institute has created a special____program in Erbil, Iraq, that is dedicated to the effort.
Hot Words
新闻热词
religious[rɪˈlɪdʒəs]adj.宗教的；信教的
preserve[prɪˈzɜːv]v.保护；保存；维护
effective[ɪˈfektɪv]adj.有效的
stack[stæk]n.一堆；一叠v.将……码放整齐
fresco[ˈfreskəʊ]n.壁画
dissipate[ˈdɪsɪpeɪt]v.消失；消除；驱散
tragically[ˈtrædʒɪkli]adv.悲剧地，悲惨地
artifact[ˈɑːtɪfækt]n.人工制品，手工艺品，加工品
outreach[ˈaʊtriːtʃ]n.外展服务；扩大服务
mosaic[məʊˈzeɪɪk]n.马赛克；镶嵌图案；拼花图案
Listening Analysis
精彩解析
1.……providing them with training and information on preserving cultural sites and objects that are at risk.
at risk有危险
例句
An estimated seven million people are at risk of starvation.
估计有700万人面临着饿死的危险。
What measures should be taken if they believe that one of their teenage patients is at risk for suicide?
如果他们确信他们的少年患者中有人有自杀倾向，那么他们应该采取什么样的措施呢？
2.……where churches were trained about how to stack sand bags in front of ancient frescos and murals so that if a mortar shell were to land, the explosive force would be dissipated by the sand bags……
so that以便；结果
例句
I had the house decorated quickly so that my parents could move in.
我很快地把房子粉刷了一遍，这样我的父母就能搬进来了。
She wrote down my address, so that he might remember it.
她写下了我的地址，以便能够记住它。
答案
1.preserving
2.A
3.outreach