零基础快学常用短语
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010

be in trouble 处于困境

重点解析 be in trouble意为“陷入困境;处于困境”,而be out of trouble则指“摆脱麻烦;脱离困境”。形容“做某事有困难”,可以表达为have trouble doing sth。

情景对话

Jim: Do you know the reason why Martin is so unhappy lately?

Margaret: I suppose it's because his marriage is in trouble.

吉姆:你知道为何最近马丁这么沮丧吗?

玛格丽特:我想是他的婚姻出现问题了吧。

触类旁通

· get sb in trouble 让某人陷入困境

· be in hot water 陷入困境

· be in a bind 处于困境

· The trouble is that... 问题是……

例句再现

You will be in trouble if you fail to get there in time. 如果没能及时到那儿,你就麻烦了。

If you are in trouble, don't hesitate to call me. 你如果遇到困难,尽管给我打电话。

Her stomach is in trouble again. 她的胃又犯毛病了。

He didn't want to get anyone in trouble. 他不想把任何人卷入麻烦。

011

be into 对……很有兴趣;热衷于

重点解析 be into表示“对……很有兴趣”,多用于口语中。into为介词,其后若跟动词,须用V-ing形式。

情景对话

Ivan: I didn't know you liked heavy metal music. Since when are you into it?

Jackson: I'm not sure. Maybe when I was in middle school.

伊凡:我之前不知道你喜欢重金属音乐。你什么时候开始喜欢上它的?

杰克逊:我不确定。可能是我上初中的时候吧。

触类旁通

· be into sb 深深喜欢某人

· be taken with 对……很喜爱;被……迷住

· be fascinated by 着迷于;被……迷住了

例句再现

She is so into him. 她对他非常痴迷。

He is into health food. 他对保健食品很感兴趣。

You seem to be into soap operas. 你似乎非常喜欢肥皂剧。

I can't believe you're into this stuff. 我不敢相信你居然对这类东西感兴趣。

012

be off 离开

重点解析 词组be off中的off为副词,表示“离开”。此外,off还可以作介词,如fall off the bike,意为“从自行车上摔下来”。

情景对话

Cathy: Stop watching TV. It's time for bed.

Ben: All right. I'll be off to bed in a minute.

凯西:别看电视了。该睡觉了。

本:好的。我再过一会儿就去睡觉。

触类旁通

· be off to do sth 去做某事

· be off home 回家

· be off one's head 神经错乱

· be off duty 下班

例句再现

I'd better be off now. See you later. 现在我得走了,再见。

I must be off to look after her. 我一定要去照顾她。

He will be off to visit a friend of his next week. 下周他要去拜访他的一个朋友。

Since my friend is off somewhere, I decide to look around to kill time.

因为我的朋友不在,我决定四处看看打发时间。

Make sure all the lights are off before you leave. 你走之前请确保所有的灯都关了。

013

be on a first-name basis(因关系亲密而)相互直呼其名;关系很好

重点解析 first-name为形容词,意为“直呼其名的;亲切的”,因此be on a first-name basis表示“关系好”。first name中间没有连字符时,指“(不包括姓氏的)名字”。

情景对话

Tom: You and Maria seem to be very familiar with each other.

Lucy: Yeah. We are on a first-name basis.

汤姆:你和玛丽亚之间好像很熟。

露西:是的,我们关系非常好。

触类旁通

· be on first-name terms 相互可直呼其名的;关系亲密的

· have a good relationship with与……关系密切

· be on good terms with与……关系很好

例句再现

I know you two were on a first-name basis. 我知道你们两个曾是关系很好的朋友。

They are said to be on first-name terms. 据说他们关系很好。

Having been in the company for many years, Martin is on first-name terms with most employees. 在公司工作多年,马丁对大部分员工都是直呼其名。

It's rather difficult for a person like him to be on good terms with others.

对像他那样的人来说,和别人友好相处是很难的。

014

be out of one's mind 精神失常;极其愚蠢

重点解析 mind指“心智;大脑(尤指思考和推理的能力)”,而be out of one's mind则用来形容某人“精神错乱”或“十分愚蠢”。

情景对话

Jim: What do you think you're doing? Are you out of your mind?

Linda: Sorry. I just want to help.

吉姆:你以为你在做什么?你疯了吗?

琳达:抱歉,我只是想帮忙而已。

触类旁通

· be out of one's sense 失去理性

· lose one's marbles 发疯,失去理智

例句再现

You must be out of your mind if you think he will lend you the money.

如果你以为他会借钱给你,你一定是疯了。

She is no more out of her mind than I am. 我和她两个人都没疯。

You are out of your mind to make that kind of promise. 做出那样的承诺,你真是疯了。

Get that out of your mind. 别想那件事了。

015

be over 超越;结束

重点解析 be over单独使用时,表示“结束,完结”,相当于be finished。be over后加基数词,则指“超过……,在……之上”。

情景对话

Oscar: Can you believe that she is over 40?

Rita: No way! She looks as if she was no more than 30.

奥斯卡:你能相信她已经40多岁了吗?

丽塔:不会吧!她看起来似乎不到30岁。

触类旁通

· over with(用于口语中)做完

· all over 到处;遍及

例句再现

Now that it is over, she is much relieved. 由于已经都结束了,她感到轻松多了。

I'm glad it's all over. 很高兴一切都结束了。

Her suffering will soon be over. 她的苦难很快就要结束了。

Class is over. 下课了。

016

be prepared to do 准备做

重点解析 prepared是形容词,表示“准备好的”。be prepared to do可以表示“愿意做;准备做”。

情景对话

Mom: Are you prepared to give up the job?

Jim: Yes.

妈妈:你准备好要放弃这份工作了吗?

吉姆:是的。

触类旁通

· be prepared for 为……做好准备

· prepare to do sth 准备做某事

· prepare against 为了应付……(不好的事情)做好准备

例句再现

I am prepared to quit the job. 我已经做好了辞职的准备。

Is he prepared to leave this city? 他准备好要离开这个城市了吗?

It seems that he is prepared to make concessions. 看起来他似乎准备做出让步。

The boy isn't prepared for the match. 这个男孩还没有为比赛做好准备。

I think he is prepared for the travel. 我想他已经做好了去旅游的准备。

017

be ready 准备好了

重点解析 be ready后面可接动词不定式,be ready to do表示“准备好做……;乐意做……”的含义;也可跟介词for,指“为……做好准备”。

情景对话

Lily: The truth is I'm not ready to step aside yet.

Linda: But sometimes things are simply out of our control.

莉莉:事实上我还没有准备让位。

琳达:但是有时候事情并不是我们所能控制的。

触类旁通

· get ready for(使)准备好……

· get ready to do 准备做

· be prepared for 对……有所准备

例句再现

To be ready from the start is the key to success. 从一开始就准备充分是成功的关键。

He is ready for a sleep. 他准备睡觉了。

He is ready to help others. 他乐于帮助别人。

I'm ready to resign. 我准备辞职了。

Are you ready to board? 你准备好登机了吗?

018

be sorry about 对……感到抱歉∕遗憾

重点解析 be sorry about和be sorry for都可以表示“对……感到抱歉/遗憾”,前者强调主语对“某人或某事感到遗憾”,而后者则指因主语本身的原因而“感到抱歉”。此外be sorry后面还可以用that从句。

情景对话

Hill: I'm sorry about that.

John: That's OK. I was also to blame.

希尔:我很抱歉。

约翰:没关系,我也有不对的地方。

触类旁通

· be sorry to do sth 很抱歉做某事

· I'm sorry, but... 很抱歉,但是……

· You will be sorry about... 你以后会后悔……

· I should be sorry to... 对……我感到遗憾。

例句再现

I was sorry about all the trouble I'd caused. 我为自己造成的所有不便而感到抱歉。

I am sorry about your son's illness. 对于你儿子的病我感到很难过。

You will be sorry about it if you don't do as I said. 如果不按照我说的去做,你会后悔的。

I'm sorry to call so late, but it's urgent. 很抱歉这么晚打电话,但是事情很紧急。

019

be supposed to 应当

重点解析 be supposed to后加动词原形,主语可以是人也可以是物,当主语是人时,该短语相当于should,多用来表示劝告、建议、责任、义务等;当主语为物时,表示“本应,本该”。

情景对话

Jane: Am I supposed to call back?

Julia: In my opinion, there is no need.

简:我是不是应该回电话?

茱莉娅:在我看来,没有必要。

触类旁通

· Aren't you supposed to...? 你不是应该……吗?

· I was supposed to... 我本来应该……

· This is supposed to be..., not... 这应该是……不是……

· It wasn't supposed to be...but... 这本来不是……,但……

例句再现

I know I'm not supposed to speak Chinese at the English Corner.

我知道我不应该在英语角说汉语。

What is that supposed to mean? 那到底是什么意思?

The show is supposed to start at 8 p.m. 表演预定晚上8点开始。

What am I supposed to do with these books? 我应该怎么处理这些书?