第4章　大众民谣

4.1　复习笔记

Popular Ballads (大众民谣)

1．Characteristics (特征)

(1) Ballads are oral narrative songs created and preserved by the English people.

(2) The English ballads were probably composed during 1200 to 1700; few were printed before the 18th century.

(3) A ballad is usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.

(4) There is a variety of ballads: historical, legendary, fantastical, lyrical and humorous.

(5) Ballads about the person Robin Hood are the most important of that time.

（1）民谣是英国人民大众创作并留存的口头吟唱的叙事歌曲。

（2）英国民谣很可能创作于1200至1700年间，18世纪前几乎没有出版过。

（3）民谣通常由4行组成一节，其中第二和第四行押韵。

（4）民谣种类丰富，有历史的、传奇的、幻想的、抒情的、还有幽默的。

（5）其中，关于罗宾汉的民谣是当时最重要的。

2．Major Works (主要作品)

◆The Robin Hood Ballads (罗宾汉民谣)

A. Main Content of the Story (故事主要内容)

Robin Hood Ballads have various kinds of types and stories, but in general these ballads deal with Robin Hood, an outlaw and robber, and his men in their struggle against the oppressors of one kind or another, for example, bishops, barons and so on.

罗宾汉民谣有很多版本与故事，但主要的就是侠盗罗宾汉与他的伙伴与某一压迫势力斗争的故事，比如主教、男爵等。

B. Analysis of Robin Hood (人物分析)

The character of Robin Hood is many sided. Strong, brave and clever, he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate. He is a man with a twinkle in his eye, a man fond of joke and a hearty laugh. But the dominant key in his character is his hatred for the cruel oppressors and his love for the poor and downtrodden.

罗宾汉是一个具有多面性的角色。他勇敢强壮并且机智，同时他又多情善良。他有双明亮的眼睛，爱开玩笑，笑声爽朗。但个性中最重要的就是他憎恨残暴的压迫者，热爱贫穷的被压迫者。

◆Get Up and Bar the Door《起来，去关门》

“Get Up and Bar the Door” is a typical humorous ballad and presets a funny scene in domestic life. The story is mainly about the wife and husband’s agreement that the one who began to speak first would get up and bar the door.

《起来，去关门》是一首典型的幽默民谣，展现了家庭生活中一个有趣的场景。故事主要是关于妻子和丈夫之间的一个约定：首先说话的人起来去关门。

◆Sir Patrick Spens《派屈克·斯宾塞爵士》

Sir Patrick Spens is a tragic story. Sir Patrick Spens with his Scots receives the mission to sail the king’s ship even if he knows a deadly storm would happen at this time of the year. At last, they end up in the sea.

《派屈克·斯宾塞爵士》是一个悲惨的故事。派屈克·斯宾塞爵士和他的苏格兰好儿郎接受了国王的任务，在明知可能会有风暴的情况下出海，最终葬身海底。