二 意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致
谓语动词用单数的情况：
1．当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采用单数形式。
Thirty dollars is too much to pay for that shoes.
30美元买那双鞋太贵了。
2．以“-s”结尾的书刊名，国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数。
《剑桥雅思真题4》Test 2 Passage 2
Australia has been unusual in the Western world.
澳大利亚在西方世界并不常见。
3．以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test 2 Passage 3
Neuroeconomics is a field of study which seeks to understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields.
神经经济学是一个研究领域，旨在了解大脑如何与竞争领域的成就相联系。
《剑桥雅思真题11》Test 3 Passage 3
Mathematics is not restricted to the analytical and numerical.
数学不限于分析和数值。
Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce.（statistics指具体数据内容，故谓语动词用复数）
统计数据显示，美国大约40%的婚姻以离婚告终。
Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn.（statistics指统计学，故谓语动词用单数）
统计学是一门很难学的学科。
4．有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery（机械）, clothing（衣服）, luggage（行李）, furniture（家具）, equipment（设备）, jewelry（珠宝）等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test A Section 2
On these days, business casual clothing is allowed.
现在，商务休闲装是被允许的。
《剑桥雅思真题1》Test A Passage 3
Various machinery is used to remove other materials from the stock.
各种各样的机器被用来从存货中取出其他材料。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test B Section 3
The equipment costs a few thousand pounds.
这些设备价值几千英镑。
5．不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。
《剑桥雅思真题10》Test 1 Writing Task 2
To punish a very young child is both wrong and foolish.
惩罚一个年幼的孩子既错误又愚蠢。
《剑桥雅思真题11》Test 1 Passage 2
Arranging a stamp collection by the size of the stamps is less common than other methods.
按邮票的大小来安排邮票收集，并不像其他方法那样常见。
《剑桥雅思真题10》Test 4 Passage 2
What they're discovering is that many of these qualities amount to habitual behaviour that determines the way we respond to the world.
他们所发现的是，这些品质中许多都是习惯行为，决定我们对世界的反应方式。
注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式。
Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit.
早起早睡是好习惯。
谓语动词用复数的情况：
1．由and或both...and..．连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式（不可数名词同样）。
《剑桥雅思真题6》Test 2 Passage 1
Both Hong Kong and Zürich have managed to make a success of their rail systems.
香港和苏黎世的铁路系统都取得了成功。
《剑桥雅思真题8》Test 3 Section 2
Both our National Symphony Orchestra and National Theatre Company were involved in the planning of the project.
我们国家交响乐团和国家剧院公司都参与了这个项目的策划。
2．有些集合名词，如：cattle, folk, people, police, poultry（家禽）等作主语，一般跟复数动词形式。
《剑桥雅思真题6》Test 3 Section 4
It's also likely that cattle were used.
也有可能是用牛。
《剑桥雅思真题10》Test 1 Passage 3
If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often take chances.
如果人们意识到他们可能会失去什么，他们往往会冒险。
《剑桥雅思真题3》Test 4 Passage 1
Only the police have the power to do so.
只有警察有权力这样做。
3．表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers, shoes, glasses, compasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
《剑桥雅思真题1》Test 1 Passage 1
Burning glasses were also used by Mexican Aztecs and the Chinese.
烧玻璃也被墨西哥阿兹特克人和中国人使用。
4．表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以“-s”结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test 2 Section 2
Now, the Semira Mountains are among the highest in the world.
现在，Semira山脉是世界上最高的山脉之一。
5．名词clothes, works（著作）, goods, contents, the Olympic Games的谓语动词一律用复数。
《剑桥雅思真题11》Test 2 Passage 3
Mondrian's works are deceptively simple.
蒙德里安的作品看似简单。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test 2 Passage 3
Most goods were transported along the paths.
大多数货物是沿着这条小路运输的。
注意：若表示“一套衣服”，可用a suit of clothes。clothes不可与不定冠词a或数词连用。
若表示“一部作品”用a work, “两部作品”用two works。
谓语动词单复数由名词前面的词或词组决定的：
1．由“some of, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of, the remainder of或分数、百分数+of+名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test 1 Passage 1
Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive.
其中一些，比如蜗牛的腺粘液，很难获得，而且极其昂贵。
《剑桥雅思真题13》Test 1 Passage 2
At least some of it comes down to personality.
至少有一部分归结于个性。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test B Section 1
There is plenty of room for ball games in the park opposite the campsite.
在营地对面的公园里有足够的地方玩球类运动。
《剑桥雅思真题6》Test B Section 2
There are plenty of guidelines available.
有很多指南可供参考。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test 2 Section 4
85% of humans are right-handed.
85%的人是右撇子。
《剑桥雅思真题8》Test 1 Writing Task 1
A further 28% of global degradation is due to over-cultivation of crops.
还有28%的全球退化是由于过度种植农作物造成的。
《剑桥雅思真题4》Test 2 Section 2
All of this causes anxiety.
所有这些都会引起焦虑。
《剑桥雅思真题4》Test 2 Section 2
All of the rooms have nice views.
所有的房间都有很好的视野。
2．由“a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of”和“名词+of this kind”等，以及由与kind意义相似的type, sort, form, part, piece, section等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词保持数的一致。
《剑桥雅思真题8》Test 1 Section 4
This kind of information helps us to predict.
这种信息帮助我们预测。
《剑桥雅思真题4》Test 4 Passage 3
During the 1980s a kind of doomsday scenario was projected by health administrators, economists and politicians.
在20世纪80年代，卫生行政人员、经济学家和政治家预测了一种世界末日的情景。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test 1 Section 4
Unfortunately, this type of event is a frequent occurrence in some of the locations.
不幸的是，这种类型的事件在某些位置经常发生。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test 3 Passage 3
The most basic form of information, Shannon argued, is whether something is true or false.
Shannon认为，信息最基本的形式是，某物是真的还是假的。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test A Section 3
Several hundred pieces of baggage are rushed from the plane onto a conveyor belt in the baggage reclaim annexe.
几百件行李从飞机上被迅速送到行李回收附属建筑中的传送带上。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test 1 Section 2
A whole section of the third floor is devoted to sports bags.
三楼的一整个区域都用来放运动包。
3．不定代词“each, one, no one, some（any, no, every）+body（one或thing）”在句中作主语或作限定词时，谓语动词一律用单数形式。
《剑桥雅思真题6》Test 1 Passage 1
Each free-swimming period has to be this fast.
每个自由游泳的时间都必须这么快。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test 1 Passage 1
One report tells of a totally blind boy who could ride his tricycle at good speed round the block near his home, using facial vision.
一份报告说，一个完全失明的男孩可以骑着他的三轮车，用他的面部视力在家附近的街区高速行驶。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test 4 Passage 1
No one knows exactly how the pyramids were built.
没有人确切知道金字塔是如何建造的。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test 2 Passage 3
Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain.
感觉不是固定在大脑中的东西。
《剑桥雅思真题9》Test B Section 2
Someone believes that you have valuable information to share with the group.
有人认为你有宝贵的信息可以与团队分享。
《剑桥雅思真题13》Test 4 Section 2
Anyone has the chance to drive a team of dogs.
任何人都有机会驾驭一群狗。
《剑桥雅思真题7》Test A Section 2
Nobody ever has enough money.
没有人有足够的钱。
《剑桥雅思真题8》Test 3 Passage 3
Everyone accepts this as ‘biologically' obvious.
每个人都认为这在生物学上是显而易见的。
4．“one and a half+复数名词”作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
桌子上剩下一根半香蕉。