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名词的语法功能

名词在句子中可以用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语、状语、定语等。

1. 作主语

Mother isn’t at home.

妈妈不在家。

Her father has been in the army for 30 years.

她父亲已在部队服役30年了。

2. 作宾语或介词宾语

I’m drawing a picture.

我正在画画。

She’ll speak at the meeting.

她将在会上发言。

3. 作宾语补足语

We consider him a clever boy.

我们认为他是个聪明的孩子。

We make the boy our monitor.

我们让那男孩当我们的班长。

4. 作表语

Barry’s brother is a doctor.

巴里的兄弟是医生。

The computer is a wonderful machine.

电脑是一种很奇妙的机器。

5. 作同位语

Mr. Wang, our English teacher, is very knowledgeable.

我们的英语老师王先生非常有学问。

Tom’s father, a successful lawyer, went to Europe yesterday.

汤姆的父亲,一位事业成功的律师,昨天到欧洲去了。

6. 作状语

The telephone rang a second time.

电话铃第二次响了。

The war lasted four years.

战争持续了4年。

7. 作定语

They bought a color TV.

他们买了一台彩色电视。

This is Xiao Chen’s desk.

这是小陈的课桌。

学一学,练一练

用所给名词的单数或复数形式填空。在一些句子中需要选择括号内的正确的词。

1. chair       I bought some    .

2. furniture    I bought some    .

3. fruit    There (is, are) a lot of     on the table.

4. vegetable    There (is, are) a lot of     on the table.

5. clothing    I have a lot of     in my closet.

6. dress    Mary has a lot of     in her closet.

7. information    There (is, are) a lot of     in an encyclopedia.

8. fact    There (is, are) a lot of     in an encyclopedia.

9. grammar    I know a lot of    .

10. vocabulary    I’m learning a lot of new    .

11. word    I’m learning a lot of new    .

12. slang    I want to learn some American    .

参考答案

1. chairs

2. furniture

3. are, fruits

4. are, vegetables

5. clothing

6. dresses

7. is, information

8. are, facts

9. grammar

10. vocabulary

11. words

12. slang