Preface

In September 10，2016，Beijing Jiaotong University will celebrate the 120anniversary of the founding.The 120 anniversary is serving as a link between past and future in the history node，as well as the beautiful moment of the intersection of the world cross adults glory and the dream.The school warmly welcomes colleagues，alumni at home and abroad，and hopes everyone will have a joyous gathering，remember history，entertain for academic，reminisce friendship and seek common development.

Beijing Jiaotong University（BJTU）whose predecessor was Beijing Railway Management Training Institute started in late Qing Dynasty in 1896.As one of the series of celebration activities of 120 anniversary，the 4th International Conference on Railway Engineering will be held here.

Founded in 1896，the Jiaotong University will usher in the 120-year-old birthday.Beijing Jiaotong University，Shanghai Jiaotong University，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Southwest Jiaotong University and Taiwan Hsinchu Jiaotong University of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits，will first commonly organize the celebration activities.As one of the five Jiaotong Universities in China，Beijing Jiaotong University is the first higher education school producing talent scholars in management as well as the origin of Chinese modern railway technology and management expertise.The alumni of BJTU have made a great contribution to the progress in economy，culture，science and technology，especially in railway engineering of China and the world as well.

With the ongoing development of railway in China，Chinese government has invested an enormous amount of fortune in high-speed railway，heavy-haul railway and urban rail transit.According to “Medium and Long-term Railway Network Plan”，the government will focus on the “Eight Vertical，Eight Horizontal Lines” to make them as the framework for a fast，convenient and large-capacity passenger transport channel.By the end of 2015，the operating mileage of Chinese high-speed railway lines reaches 19，000 kilometers which is ranking the first place all over the world.Meanwhile，China will continue to develop heavy-haul railway to meet the full economic benefits.Currently，urban transit in China is under the period of a rapid expansion，which leads to the conclusion that choosing urban transit has become a major public transportation option in urban areas.By the end of 2015，there are 116 lines of urban transportation railway has been accomplished in 26 cities，and the mileage has risen to 3，612 kilometers.In the next decade，there will be 7，395 kilometers subways made by the Chinese railway transportation market，which will approximately cost 3，800 billion RMB in total.By the end of 2020，177 subway lines in 33 cities can be accomplished in China.

The most vital part is to ensure safety.Except for the factor of vehicle，the railway is also confronted with a series of complex operating conditions，among which contains interacted and transformed uncertainty，randomness and unpredictability，such as the train load，weather conditions，and bad geological conditions.Furthermore，the rising speed of high-speed rail，the increasing load of heavy haul railway and the promotion of traffic density of urban transit all raise higher request for rail infrastructure.As a consequence，paying more attention to the safety of railway engineering is extremely urgent.

The conference aims to provide a high level academic exchange platform for experts and scholars at home and abroad who is engaging in high-speed and heavy-haul railway as well as the fields of city track traffic engineering，to strengthen academic exchanges between domestic and foreign experts，and the scholars in the field of railway engineering，to promote the development of domestic railway engineering disciplines，also to provide a powerful technical support and security for the construction of track engineering in China.Session topics cover diverse research directions on railway engineering.The conference hosted by Beijing Jiaotong University，Beijing Key Laboratory of Track Engineering，Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Rail Transport Line Security and Disaster Prevention，Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Track Engineering is held in Beijing（July 30-31，2016）.

This symposium includes 89 papers；the content involves almost every aspect of railway engineering，and is audited by the relevant experts.At the same time，the meeting group sincerely thanks all the authors for their actively participating towards the conference.Meanwhile，our gratitude also goes to members of our scientific committee from China，United States，Russia，Japan，Netherlands，Spain，Germany，Australia，China Taiwan，China Hong Kong and to our partners co-organizing this conference：China Railway Society，Beijing Railway Society，National Natural Science Foundation of China，China Railway Corporation，China Association of Metros，Southwest Jiaotong University，Central South University，East China Jiaotong University，Shijiazhuang Tiedao University，The Hong Kong Polytechnic University，International Association of Chinese Infrastructure Professionals，Columbia University in the city of New York，Texas Transportation Institute，Moscow State University of Railway Engineering，Siberian Transport University，Spanish Railway Association，Beijing Urban Engineering Design& Research Institute Co.，Ltd.，Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute，China Railway First Survey & Design Institute Group Co.，Ltd.，China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.，Ltd.，The Third Railway Survey and Design Institute Group Co.，Ltd.，China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.，Ltd.，China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co.，Ltd.，China Railway 12 Bureau Group Co.，Ltd.，China Railway 15 Bureau Group Co.，Ltd.，China Railway 17 Bureau Group Co.，Ltd.，Sinohydro Railway Construction Co.，Ltd.，China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation，The Civil Engineering Professional Committee of China Senior Professors Association.Finally and most importantly，we want to thank all the staff of the department of Road and Railway Engineering and all the members of our organizing committee for their great dedication.

Feng CHEN

Chairman of ICRE2016

Vice President，Professor

Beijing Jiaotong University，China