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The fundamentals of Metasploit

Since we have recalled the essential phases of a penetration test and completed the setup of Kali Linux, let's talk about the big picture; that is, Metasploit. Metasploit is a security project that provides exploits and tons of reconnaissance features to aid the penetration tester. Metasploit was created by H.D. Moore back in 2003, and since then, its rapid development has led it to be recognized as one of the most popular penetration testing tools. Metasploit is entirely a Ruby-driven project and offers a lot of exploits, payloads, encoding techniques, and loads of post-exploitation features.

Metasploit comes in various editions, as follows:

Metasploit Pro: This version is a commercial one and offers tons of great features such as web application scanning, exploitation, automated exploitation, and is quite suitable for professional penetration testers and IT security teams. The Pro edition is primarily used for professional, advanced and large penetration tests, and enterprise security programs.
Metasploit Express: The express edition is used for baseline penetration tests. Features in this version of Metasploit include smart exploitation, the automated brute forcing of the credentials, and much more. This version is quite suitable for IT security teams in small to medium size companies.
Metasploit Community: This is a free edition with reduced functionalities of the express version. However, for students and small businesses, this version is a favorable choice.
Metasploit Framework: This is a command-line edition with all the manual tasks, such as manual exploitation, third-party import, and so on. This version is suitable for developers and security researchers.

Throughout this book, we will be using the Metasploit Community and Framework editions. Metasploit also offers various types of user interfaces, as follows:

The GUI interface: The GUI has all the options available at the click of a button. This interface offers a user-friendly interface that helps to provide cleaner vulnerability management.
The console interface: This is the preferred interface and the most popular one as well. This interface provides an all-in-one approach to all the options offered by Metasploit. This interface is also considered one of the most stable interfaces. Throughout this book, we will be using the console interface the most.
The command-line interface: The command-line interface is the most powerful interface. It supports the launching of exploits to activities such as payload generation. However, remembering every command while using the command-line interface is a difficult job.
Armitage: Armitage by Raphael Mudge added a cool hacker-style GUI interface to Metasploit. Armitage offers easy vulnerability management, built-in NMAP scans, exploit recommendations, and the ability to automate features using the Cortana scripting language. An entire chapter is dedicated to Armitage and Cortana in the latter half of this book.

For more information on the Metasploit community, refer to: https://blog.rapid7.com/2011/12/21/metasploit-tutorial-an-introduction-to-metasploit-community/.