汉英水电工程常用词汇
上QQ阅读APP看本书,新人免费读10天
设备和账号都新为新人

2.6 工程地质勘察 Engineering geological investigation

(1)勘测 Investigation,survey

勘测阶段 investigation stage

规划阶段 planning stage

预可行性研究阶段 prefeasibility study stage

可行性研究阶段 feasibility study stage

招标设计阶段 tender design stage

施工详图设计阶段 construction detailed design stage

勘测大纲 outline of investigation program

踏勘 reconnaissance

勘探工作量 quantity of exploration work

勘探项目 exploration item

勘探工作布置 arrangement of exploration work

了解 learn about

初步查明 preliminarily identify

查明 ascertain

复查 review,check

复核 reexamine

核定 verify

安全鉴定 safety appraisal

主勘探剖面 major exploration profile(section)

场地复杂程度 complexity of site

地形制约 topographical constrain

地质填图 geological mapping

可利用资料 available data(information)

资料收集方法 data acquisition method

野外查勘 field reconnaissance

施工地质工作 geological works during construction

施工编录 construction mapping

坝基编录 dam foundation mapping

钻孔编录 drilling log

硐室编录 tunnel mapping(log)

竖井编录 shaft log

数字地质编录系统 digital geological logging system

施工地质日志 geological daily record during construction

施工地质通知 geological notification during construction

施工地质备忘录 geological memorandum during construction

地质灾害调查 geologic hazards inquiry

地面勘探 ground surface exploration

探槽 trial trench

探坑 trial pit

边侧支撑 side shoring

框架支撑 shored with cribbing

(2)地下勘探 Subsurface exploration

钻探 drilling exploration

硐探 adit exploration

井探 shaft exploration

坑(槽)探 pit(trench)exploration

竖井 vertical shaft

斜井 inclined shaft

勘探钻孔 exploration borehole

可钻性 drillability

岩芯 rock core

岩芯钻探 core drilling(boring)

岩芯采取率 core recovery rate

孔斜 borehole deviation

孔深 borehole depth

孔口高程 collar elevation

孔底高程 borehole bottom elevation

孔斜计 clinograph

倾斜仪 clinometer,inclinometer

扩孔 enlarge boring

取岩芯 core extraction

钻孔孔径 borehole size(borehole diameter)

N型孔[孔径约 75 mm/3 in.] N size hole

B型孔[孔径约60 mm/2.3 in.] B size hole

H型孔[孔径约 99 mm/4 in.] H size hole

大口径孔[孔径>0.6m] large-diameter hole,calyx hole

两瓣式岩芯管 double split barrel

三瓣式岩芯管 triple split barrel

钻孔定向 borehole orientation

垂直钻进 vertical boring

斜孔钻进 inclined boring

水平钻进 horizontal boring

定向钻进 oriented boring

钻孔顶角 borehole vertex angle

钻孔倾角 borehole inclination

土钻 soil auger

麻花钻 helical

螺旋钻 auger drill

勺钻 bucket auger

潜孔锤 hammer down the hole(HDT)

冲击钻进 percussion drilling

反循环钻进 reverse circulation drilling

冲抓锥钻进 churn and grabbing drilling

桩孔扩底钻进 hole bottom reaming drilling

大口径钻进 large well drilling

厚壁冲击管 heavy wall drive barrel

切土管刃 cutting shoe

取土器 soil sampler

取样程序 sampling procedure

连续取样 continuous sampling

定向岩芯 oriented core

穿过钻杆提取 retrieved through the drill rod

循环介质 circulating medium

清水 clear water

泥浆 slurry

膨润土泥浆,皂土液 bentonite slurry

添加剂泥浆 slurry with additive

天然有机聚合物 natural organic polymer

合成有机聚合物 synthetic organic polymer

可生物降解表面活性剂混合物 biodegradable mixture of surfactant

植物无固相冲洗液 vegetable glue drilling fluid without clay

岩芯钻进观察 observation during coring operation

每段进尺记录 record of each run

每钻次的深度、长度和时间 depth,length,and time for each run

孔内残留岩芯 amount of core left in the hole

岩粉与岩屑 rock cuttings and chips

钻压 weight on bit(WOB),bit pressure

孔内掉块 material caving into the borehole

掉钻 rod drop

埋钻 drill rod burying

卡钻 drill rod sticking

烧钻 bit burnt

漏水 water loss

返水颜色 color of the return water

临时护壁,临时套管 temporary casing

下套管 casing placement

洗孔 borehole cleaning

封孔 borehole backfilling

岩芯编录 core logging

钻孔地质员 inspector

岩芯箱 core box

岩芯隔板卡 core record spacer

岩芯照片 core photograph

勘探洞 exploration adit,trial adit

导洞 pilot drift tunnel

河底平洞 adit under river

隧洞倾斜度 inclination of tunnel

洞周地质测绘 peripheral geologic mapping

向平面投影 projecting to plan

向剖面投影 projecting to profile

展开圆周面为平面 unrolling the circumference to form a plan

隧洞定位点(桩) tunnel station (stake)

参照点 reference point

假设高程 assumed elevation

洞周应力状态 stress conditions around openings

切向主应力 tangential principal stress

径向主应力 radial principal stress

自然拱 natural arching

拉张区 tension zone

塑性区 plastic zone

扰动区 zone of disturbance

(3)物探 Geophysical prospecting

遥感 remote sensing

地面物探 surface geophysical prospecting

物探剖面 geophysical survey profile

水下地形 underwater topography

弹性波测试 elastic wave survey

微地震波测试 micro-seismic wave survey

自动增益控制 automatic gain control(AGC)

正常时差修正 normal moveout correction

高差曲线 departure curve

折射法勘探 refraction survey

界面波 boundary wave,interface wave

跨孔测试 cross-hole test

声波测试 acoustic wave survey

钻孔物探测试 geophysical survey in borehole

钻孔照相 borehole photography

钻孔电视 borehole TV

物探综合测井 comprehensive downhole geophysical probe

声波测井 acoustic log

声波电视测井 acoustic televiewer log

活化测井 activation log

放射法测井 radioactivity log

跨孔层析摄影 crosshole tomography

跨孔地震探测 crosshole seismic probe

跨孔电阻率探测 crosshole resistivity probe

地质雷达 ground penetrating radar(GPR)

层析成像 computer tomography(CT)

声发射监测 acoustic emission monitoring

电法勘探 electrical prospecting

重力勘探 gravitational prospecting

重力异常 gravity anomaly

磁异常 magnetic anomaly

地热异常 geothermal anomaly

电测深法 electrical sounding

电剖面法 electrical profiling

高密度电法 resistivity imaging

激发极化法 induced polarization

自然电场法 self-potential method

充电法 Mise-a-la-masse method

可控源音频大地电磁测深法 controlled source audio frequency magnetotellurics(CSAMT)

瞬变电磁法 transient electromagnetic method(TEM)

浅层地震折射波法 shallow seismic refraction

浅层地震反射波法 shallow seismic reflection

瑞雷波法 Rayleigh wave method

弹性波测试 elasticity wave testing

水声探测 sonic echo exploration

放射性测量 radioactivity survey

同位素示踪法 isotopes tracer technique

(4)工程地质分析与计算

Engineering geological analysis and calculation

稳定性分析 stability analysis

可靠度分析 reliability analysis

概率曲线 probability curve

期望值 expected value

目标函数 objective function

试错法 trial-and-error method,cut-and-try method

确定性分析 deterministic analysis

抗滑安全系数 factor of safety against sliding

容许安全系数 allowable factor of safety

安全度 degree of safety

容许变形量 allowable deformation

容许沉降量 allowable settlement

容许承压力 allowable bearing pressure

容许极限 acceptable limit

地质力学模型 geo-mechanical model

边坡地质模型 geological model of slope

边坡结构模型 slope structure model

动态设计法 method of information design

开挖坡比 excavation gradient

设计安全标准 design safety criteria

上限解 upper bound solution

下限解 lower bound solution

总应力法 total stress method

有效应力法 effective stress method

条分法 slice method

整体圆弧滑动法 mass circle sliding method

不平衡推力法 method of non-equilibrium thrust

分块极限平衡法 method of block limit equilibrium

楔形体平衡法 wedge equilibrium method

过程模拟 process simulation

仿真模拟 analogue simulation

相似性 similarity

本构关系 constitutive relation

边界条件 boundary condition

莫尔破裂包络线 Mohr's rupture envelope

插值法 interpolation method

外延法 extrapolation method

反分析 back analysis

图解法 graphical solution

统计回归分析 statistical regression analysis

经验公式 empirical formula

半经验公式 semi-empirical formula

经验数据 empirical data

经验参数 empirical parameter

经验系数 empirical coefficient

特性参数 characteristic parameter

建议值 recommended value