Monophthongs 单元音

根据口腔主要发力位置不同分为前元音、中元音与后元音

前元音

/iː/

the sheet bean

1-1

发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭尽量抬起，嘴唇呈微笑状。/iː/与汉字“衣”字发音相近，但是没有摩擦。长元音，注意保持嘴唇舌位不变。

· He is Mr Steven's Chinese teacher.

· After reading for three minutes, I fell into a deep sleep.

· Please read it carefully.

· We were happy to eat cheese.

· Each of us three will agree to have some meat and tea.

· He needs to eat peas and beans for his meal.

· I see three human beings on the tree.

/I/

pretty city it

1-2

舌尖抵下齿，舌中部向硬腭抬起。

口型扁平松弛，嘴巴自然张开，声音短促而含糊。

· His little sister is eating meat and drinking milk.

· It's a pity that Jim is sick.

· Dick lives in a big city.

· A lazy monkey is sitting in a green taxi.

· A pig lives in a big pit.

· His sixty-year-old sister is a very rich lady.

· A big bitter bug bit a big bitter black bear.

· Fisher twitters the slim fit gym outfit of his.

· Dog shit makes me sick.

/e/

pen weather telephone

1-3

舌尖抵下齿，舌中部向硬腭抬起。

口型扁平但是比/i/稍大，气流从口腔泻出，声带振动。注意开口不能太大，上下齿间容纳一根食指。

· Ben sent ten letters to the enemy.

· Ed is one of my best friends.

· Let me tell you a better story.

· He sells the best hen's eggs every Wednesday.

· Better late than never.

· East or west, home is the best.

· Seventy seven benevolent elephants

· Sweater-weather, leather weather.

· I never felt my belt so heavy.

/æ/

apple has bad

1-4

又叫梅花音。舌尖抵下齿，双唇向两旁平伸，呈扁平形。

气流从口腔泻出，声带振动，牙床开至上下齿间可容纳食指加中指。注意开口一定要大，但发音时双唇上下位置保持不变。

3号与4号元音对比：

· The man ran back to get his cap and bag.

· The passengers are standing back there.

· We pat the black cat in the van with a hat.

· I can't stand your lack of manners.

· Harry has a happy family in Canada.

· I am very happy to know Jack is back.

下面来试试绕口令：

Alice asks for axes. 爱丽丝要斧头。

knapsack straps 背包带子

How many yaks could a yak pack pack if a yak pack could pack yaks?

如果用牦牛包装牦牛，一个牦牛包能装几头牦牛呢？

We need a plan to fan a pan: find a pan to fan, then find a fan to fan the pan, then fan the pan.我们得有个用扇子扇平底锅的计划：先找个锅来扇，再找把扇子来扇锅，再一直扇。

How many snacks could a snack stacker stack?

零食架上能装多少零食？

中元音

/ə/

police animal about

1-6

发音时舌身放平，舌中部抬起，舌尖卷曲使得尾音“儿”化。口型微张，双唇扁平。

注意：/ə/在词首时发得较为模糊，但是在词末可以适当延长。

· A famous professor will give us a lecture.

· The river over there is full of rubber.

· My brother and sister are doctors.

· This summer went faster and further than last.

· Good advice is beyond all price.

· My brothers cannot afford a holiday this summer.

一些短音节里的/ɪ/，在实际说话时大多可以弱化为/ə/。

还有一些以这些字母结尾的单词，字母i也发/ə/。

/ɜː/

turkey bird her

1-7

舌身平放，舌中部稍稍抬起。口型微张，双唇较紧张，呈扁平状。声带振动，注意：这是个长元音，发音应该持续一秒左右。

· That person personally persuaded the personnel with persuasive words.

· We search and search for the bird he heard in the church.

· He learnt the first English word at school.

· Earl has worked in the firm for thirty months.

· The girl gave her a purse.

· A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

· Her words is better than Smurf's work.

/Λ/

but fun come

1-8

发音时舌身后缩至口腔中部，开口程度小于梅花音，双唇微张并且松弛。声带振动，声音短促而不强烈。

· The customers are accustomed to the disgusting custom.

· The dust in the industrial hub frustrates Stud.

· The just budget judge just justifies the adjustment of justice.

· Come here to study Russian.

· A mother's love is above all other things.

· She loves nothing but money.

· You must come to have supper with us and join the fun.

· Well begun is half done.

· Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.

· The lump jumped off the pump and bumped on the trumpet in the dump.

后元音

/ɑː/

（英）fast bar（英）class

1-10

舌身降低后缩，舌后部抬起，口型自然张大，但不成圆形。发音时停顿稍长，和汉字“啊”的发音相似，声带振动。

· The man in a dusty mask asked me for a task in the dusk.

· They are arguing over who's faster and smarter in front of our father.

· It is hard to start the car.

· The guard can hardly push the cart.

· Last week, I went to see my father after the party.

· There are lots of art shows in the bar.

· I have many demands upon my tongue.

· I like to pass through the large park and park my car far away on the grass.

/ɔː/

for draw walk

1-11

舌身尽量降低后缩，舌后部抬起，双唇收得更圆更小，并且稍向前突。发音时较长。声带振动。

· It was obvious to all that the law must be withdrawn.

· He was born on August the fourth.

· The cat crawled across the lawn with its hurt paws.

· The storm draws near, and we ought to go indoors.

· He is only one year old, but he can walk and talk.

/ɒ/

（此音标的手写体左侧封口）

what cop hot

1-12

舌身降低后缩，舌后部抬起，双唇收圆，但是不向前凸。短促发音。声带振动。

· My boss has got a pot of hot water.

· The dog is standing in the shop.

· Look at the frog on the log.

· He was positive about the honor of God.

· The coffee is of top quality.

· When the shop had been robbed ,everybody was shocked.

/uː/

noob food pool

1-13

舌身后缩至口腔中部，舌后部稍抬起，舌尖离开下齿，开口程度略小。双唇收圆，稍微向前凸出。注意音不要发得太短。

· I choose blue shoes to take to school for use.

· Drink fruit juice when you have the flu.

· Do not move during June and July.

· It is true that the new school is a gloomy place.

· I have just bought a new blue suit.

· You should choose between the two.

/ʊ/

book put could

1-14

舌后部向软腭抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿，口型收圆，并轻微凸出。舌头放松，声带振动。

· Have a look at the book which is near the brook.

· A good-looking woman is reading a good book.

· I would rather go there on foot.

· We pulled the wolf from the woods to the boulevard.

· They should put on their hoods.

· The woman stood for as long as she could.