2.2　Symbols

2.2.1　Actions and effects：

F——pulling force imposed on base or anchor plate base，vertical force passing from upper structure to the base；

Gk——standard value of base self-weight（including the soil weight above the base）；

Ge——standard value of soil mass weight；

Gf——standard value of base self-weight；

M——design value of moment or bending moment；

Mxk，Myk——standard value of bending moments on x-axis and y-axis；

N——design value of axial force（tension or stress）and pulling force of towline；

pk——average stress of base bottom under standard load effect combination；

pmax——maximum stress of base edge under standard load effect combination；

pmin——minimum stress of base edge under standard load effect combination；

Q——design value of uniformly distributed reaction of base plate；

qI.qa——ice load per unit length and unit area；

R——design value of structural member resistance；

Rf——jacking force between flange plates；

SGk——effects of standard value of permanent load；

SGE——effects of representative value of gravity load under seismic action；

SQk——effects of standard value of variable load；

SWk——effects of standard value of wind load；

SEhk——effects of standard value of horizontal seismic action；

SEVk——effects of standard value of vertical seismic action；

T——design value of tension acting on the base plate；

T1——design value of pulling force acting on a foundation bolt.

2.2.2　Calculation elements：

fy——yield strength of steels；

f——design values of bending strength，compression strength and tensile strength of steels；

fv——design value of shear strength of steels；

fa——corrected characteristic value of bearing capacity of foundation；

faE——adjusted seismic bearing capacity of foundation；

fg——design value of steel strand strength；

Nbt——design value of tensile bearing capacity of each bolt；

S——specified limit value of foundation deformation；

δ——deformation limit value of structure or member.

2.2.3　Geometric parameters：

A——areas of section，gross section and foundation base；

B——width of base plate；

C——distance from main angle steel edge to base plate edge；

D——calculated width corresponding to foundation bolt；

H——total height of structure for tower and mast；

W——section modulus；

Wx，Wy——section modulus for x-axis and y-axis；

Ymax——maximum distance from foundation bolt center to main angle steel；

yi——distance from the bolt center i to rotating shaft；

a——free edge length in the calculation section of base plate；distance from the action point of resultant force to the maximum stress edge of base bottom；

ax——distance from action point of resultant force to foundation edge of ex side；

ay——distance from action point of resultant force to foundation edge of ey side；

b——ice thickness at calculated altitude，base edge length parallel to x-axis，one-sided width of polygonal steel pole；

bmin——minimum width in each section of foot plate；

d——diameters of circular section member and guy；

ex——eccentric distance on the x direction；

ey——eccentric distance on the y direction；

hcr——critical depth calculated with soil weight method；

ht——up-pull depth of the base；

l——side length of base bottom surface parallel to y-axis；

t——thickness of connecting piece；

s——distance between bolts；

θ——central angle and radian between two bolts，angle between pulling force and level ground；

α0——uplift angle of soil mass.

2.2.4　Calculation coefficients and others：

ψC——combination value coefficient of variable load；

ψq——quasi-permanent value coefficient of variable load；

ψw——wind load combination value coefficient of seismic design；

γ——ice weight；

γ0——importance coefficient of structure；

γ1——uplift stability coefficient of soil mass weight；

γ2——uplift stability coefficient of base weight；

γG——partial coefficient of permanent load；

γQ——partial coefficient of variable load；

γEh，γEV——partial coefficients of horizontal and vertical seismic actions respectively；

γW——partial coefficient of wind load；

γRE——seismic adjustment coefficient of bearing capacity；

α1——height variation coefficient of ice thickness；

α2——adjustment coefficient of ice thickness related to member diameter；

φ——stability coefficient of axial compression member；

μs——shape coefficient of wind load.