第2章 一般将来时

一般将来时：描述将来的性质、动作或状态的时态。

一般将来时的构成

一般将来时的用法

1. 表示意愿、决定、决心。

Doctor Green will see you now. 格林博士现在要见你。

2. 表示说话者给予听话者的将来的承诺。

Be patient enough，and I will send you the stamps by mail as soon as

possible. 要有耐心，我会尽快把邮票寄给你。

Tell him that he will get the money this afternoon.

告诉他今天下午就能拿到钱。

Don't worry，and I will make a close examination on you.

别担心，我会给你做一次仔细的检查。

3. 表示命令、警告、威胁等某一未来行为。

We will report you to the police if this is true.

如果这是真的，我们要把你举报给警方。

You will regret for what you have done.

你会为你所做的事情后悔的。

4. 根据自然规律必然会发生或注定会发生的事情。

I will be thirty years old next year. 明年我就30岁了。

It will be Christmas soon. 马上就是圣诞节了。

Keep heating the water，and it will become vapor.

继续加热，水就会变成水蒸汽。

5. 根据常理，说话人认为必然会发生的事情。

I will see you tomorrow about the new plan.

明天我会找你谈谈新计划的事情。

The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.

如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。

6. 主观推测一定会或很有可能发生的事情，有时用feel/think/suppose/guess/expect/believe/be believe表示推测。

I think they will get married. 我认为他们会结婚的。

I am afraid nobody will do such a job with so little pay.

恐怕没人会做收入这么少的工作的。

要点拓展

1. be going to do和will do的区别。

① be going to指当前已计划过或思考过的意图和打算。

will do表示未事先思考或未计划过的意图。

I am going to listen to music.

我打算听听音乐。（现在的打算，指向将来）

I'll answer the door. 我去开门。（未经事先考虑的意图）

I am going to see my grandparents tomorrow.

我打算明天去看爷爷奶奶。（事先的安排）

② be going to do还表示客观迹象表明马上就要发生的事情。

will表明说话者的观点，主观意识。还可以用作情态动词，表示感情色彩。

Look at the clouds. There is going to be a storm.

看看这些云彩，暴风雨就要来了。（客观迹象）

I hope it will be warm tomorrow.

我希望明天会暖和起来。（主观意愿）

2. be going to do，be doing，be to do，be about to do，be on the point of doing，will be doing的区别。

• be going to do表示说话者已经决定的计划或安排要做的事。

The child is going to be a dentist when he grows up.

这孩子长大后打算当个牙医。

• be doing表示马上就要发生的行为或安排好要做的事情，很少变更。常用于这种结构的动词有：go，come，leave，start，begin，stay等。

We are staying in Guangzhou the whole next week.

我们整个下周将在广州待着。

He is leaving early tomorrow morning. 明天他一大早就出发。

• be to do表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。

The work is to be finished by the end of the week.

这项工作周末必须完成。

The president is to visit China next week. 该总统下周来访中国。

• be about to do表示客观就要发生的事，通常指马上或眼下就要发生。一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。

The meeting is about to start soon. 会议马上就要开始了。

We are about to have a discussion about the plan.

我们正要讨论一下这个计划。

• be on the point of doing表示“正处于关键时刻”“正要做”。

We shouldn't quit. We are on the point of making it.

我们不能放弃，我们就要成功了。

• will be doing表示纯粹的将来，没有任何主观感情色彩。

I'll be seeing you in my office this time tomorrow.

明天这个时候在我的办公室见。

When will you be repaying the money you borrowed?

你什么时候把借我的钱还给我？

专项训练

1. If city noises__________from increasing，people__________shout to be heard even at the dinner table 10 years from now.

A. are not kept；will have to

B. are not kept；have to

C. do not keep；will have to

D. do not keep；have to

答案：A If引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时，主句用将来时。

2. It__________long before we__________the result of the experiment.

A. will not be；will know

B. is；will know

C. will not be；know

D. is；know

答案：C “It will not be long before…”这个句型表示“不久以后就……”，从句中用一般现在时代替将来时。

3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he__________from the university next year.

A. will graduate

B. will have graduated

C. graduates

D. is to graduate

答案：C 尽管有next year，但是受到by the time的影响，用一般现在时代替将来时。

4. Population experts predict that most people__________in cities in the near future.

A. live

B. would live

C. will live

D. have lived

答案：C predict后表示将来还未发生的事情。

5. — How can I apply for an online course?

— Just fill out this form and we__________what we can do for you.

A. see

B. are seeing

C. have seen

D. will see

答案：D 表示对听话者的承诺。

6. — What are you going to do this afternoon?

— I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film__________quite early，so we__________to the bookstore after that.

A. finished；are going

B. finished；go

C. finishes；are going

D. finishes；go

答案：C 这句话意味着“If the film finishes quite early，we are going to the bookstore.”。

7. — Did you tell Julia about the result?

— Oh，no，I forgot. I__________her now.

A. will be calling

B. will call

C. call

D. am to call

答案：B 表示说话者马上着手去做的事情。

8. Because the shop__________，all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

A. has closed down

B. closed down

C. is closing down

D. had closed down

答案：C 瞬间动词词组close down的进行时表示马上发生的动作。

9. All but one__________take part in the conference__________tomorrow.

A. is going to；that is to take place

B. are going to；that is about to take place

C. are going to；that is to be taken place

D. are going to；which is to be held

答案：D All是主语，but one是状语。be about to do不能与表示明确时间的tomorrow连用。take place没有被动形式。

10. The new type of machine__________the year after next.

A. is going to turn out

B. is going to being turned out

C. is going to have turned out

D. is going to be turned out

答案：D turn out这里是“生产”的意思，所以要用被动语态。

11. I promise you that I__________you a present next week.

A. will give

B. will have given

C. give

D. shall have given

答案：A 表示对听话者的承诺。

12.__________a meeting this afternoon.

A. There going to be

B. There will be going to be

C. There is going to be

D. There will going to be

答案：C There be的将来时是There is going to be或There will be。

13. In the long run your money__________in bonds.

A. was more safely invested

B. is more safely invested

C. will be more safely invested

D. are more safely invested

答案：C in the long run意为“从长远看来”，所以用将来时。

14.__________me or aren't you?

A. Will you help

B. Shall you help

C. Are you going to help

D. Will you have helped

答案：C 题干中的aren't you说明答案应该是有be动词表示将来时的结构。

15. We__________a new experiment this afternoon.

A. shall be to perform

B. will be to perform

C. are to be performed

D. are to perform

答案：D be to do表示计划中一定会发生的事情。

16. The government__________to approve the use of wide-spread surveillance when the Justice Department took objections.

A. is going

B. had been

C. was about

D. is coming

答案：C be about to do表示将来时，受到从句中took的影响，所以选C。

17. There she__________！We needn't wait any longer.

A. comes

B. has been come

C. has been coming

D. is to come

答案：A come是瞬间动词，在There和Here开头的句子中，用一般现在时表示将来时。

18. I__________to visit their country before long.

A. have been invited

B. am being invited

C. had been invited

D. will be invited

答案：D before long意为“不久以后”，所以用将来时。

19. When__________to give us an answer?

A. will you be able

B. will you have been able

C. will you able

D. will you have abled

答案：A be able to do的将来形式为will be able to do。

20. I hope that she__________to the demands of the naughty boy.

A. will not have agreed

B. will not be agreed

C. will not agree

D. will not have been agreed

答案：C agree to意为“赞同”。