List 3

0201 version |'vɜːʒn|

n. 版本

例 Some version of the Swedish system might work well for a majority of American parents, but the United States is unlikely to fully embrace the Swedish model. 一些瑞典体系的版本可能在大部分美国父母身上起作用，但是美国不太可能全盘接受瑞典模式。

0202 modify |'mɒdɪfaɪ|

v. 变更；修改

例 Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature. 皮亚杰认为努力获得并接受一份职业是改变理想化观点和变得成熟的最佳方式之一。

0203 modification |,mɒdɪfɪ'keɪʃn|

n. 修改；改进

例 Some people refer to such modification as maturity. 有人将这种改变称为成熟。

0204 behaviour |bɪ'heɪvjə|

n. 行为

例 Many scientists disagree about what the differences are between the alcohol addict and social drinker. The difference occurs when someone needs to drink. And this need gets in the way of his health or behaviour. 很多科学家对酒精上瘾者和社交性饮酒者的区别有不同意见。区别出现在当一个人需要喝酒的时候，而这种需求影响到了他的健康或是行为。

0205 legendary |'ledʒəndri|

adj. 传说中的；传奇的

例 Good evening and welcome to tonight’s edition of Legendary Lives. 晚上好，欢迎来到今晚的《传奇人生》节目。

0206 legend |'ledʒənd|

n. 1 传奇 2 传奇人物

例 What made him the legend he still is today? 是什么使得他至今仍是一个传奇？

0207 zone |zəʊn|

n. 地带

例 Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work. 保持温暖和维持凉爽是需要消耗能量的，除非我们生活在“热中性区”，我们现在越来越多地选择在这样的地方居住和工作。

0208 establish |ɪ'stæblɪʃ|

v. 1 创立 2 确立

例 The government also established a stockpile of oil as a short-term buffer against future shortages. 政府还建立了石油储备，作为应对未来短缺的短期缓冲。

0209 establishment |ɪ'stæblɪʃmənt|

n. 1 创立；建立 2 机构，组织

例 Our society has changed—changed in terms of tobacco use, in terms of its acceptance of smoking in public establishments, in restaurants, in bars. 我们的社会已经发生了变化——在烟草的使用方面、在诸如餐厅、酒吧等公共场所对吸烟的接受程度方面都发生了变化。

0210 proceed |prə'siːd|

v. 1 继续做 2 前进，行进

例 The University of Maryland is proceeding cautiously, giving the iPhone or iPod Touch to 150 students. 马里兰大学正在谨慎地推进，将这些苹果手机或是苹果触摸屏音乐播放器分发给150位同学.

0211 destination |,destɪ'neɪʃən|

n. 目的地

例 If your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at the destination first. 如果你的飞机由于糟糕的天气、空中交通阻塞或是罢工而晚点的话，火车乘客会先到达目的地。

0212 petroleum |pə'trəʊlɪəm|

n. 石油

例 The real controversy surrounding the amount of petroleum we have is how much we need to keep in reserve for future use. 围绕我们所拥有的石油量方面的真正争议是我们需要储备多少以备未来使用。

0213 fortune |'fɔːtʃən|

n. 1 运气；命运 2 大笔财产

例 I had the good fortune to work with an outstanding artist four years ago. 四年前，我有幸与一位卓越的艺术家共事。

0214 minority |maɪ'nɒrəti|

n. 1 少数 2 少数民族

例 American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. 美国大学正在接收的少数族裔比以往任何时候都多。

0215 minor |'maɪnə|

adj. 较小的；轻微的

例 Children with minor self-control problems were likely as adults to have minor health problems, and so on. 有轻微自控问题的孩子可能就像有轻微健康问题的成年人之类的一样。

0216 flatten |'flætn|

v. 1 使…变平 2 摧毁

例 If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. 如果这样的地震在今天发生，那么从落基山脉到大西洋都会有震感，而且大部分密西西比山谷中的城市都会被夷为平地。

0217 particular |pə'tɪkjʊlə|

adj. 1 特指的 2 特别的

例 I remembered a particular story about a mailman who was a murderer. 我记得有个特别的故事，讲的是一个邮递员是杀人犯。

0218 hardware |'hɑːdweə|

n. 1 硬件设备 2 五金器具，金属制品

例 Software comes free with the hardware. 软件随硬件免费赠送。

0219 recall |rɪ'kɔːl|

v. 1 回忆 2 召回

例 1 Call it the “learning paradox”: the more you struggle and even fail while you’re trying to learn new information, the better you’re likely to recall and apply that information later. 将其称作“学习悖论”吧：在你学习新知识的时候，你越是挣扎甚至失败，随后你就能越好地去回忆和应用此知识。

例 2 Toyota recalled its T-x34 SUV last Tuesday because of the engine problems. 丰田上个星期二因引擎问题召回了T-x34 系列SUV。

0220 equation |ɪ'kweɪʒn|

n. 方程式

例 He was struggling to find the right equations that would describe his new concept of gravity, ones that would define how objects move through space and how space is curved by objects. 他当时正在竭尽全力寻找能够表述他对重力新的理解的合适方程组，这一方程组将能够定义物体如何在空间中运动，而空间又是如何被物体所弯曲。

0221 comparison |kəm'pærɪsən|

n. 比较，对比

例 A key process in interpersonal interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare to others. 人际互动的一个关键过程是社会对照，在其中我们会通过与他人对比的方式来评估我们自己。

0222 comparable |'kɒmpərəbəl|

adj. 1 可比的 2 相似的

例 A 2011 report from Harvard University shows that Massachusetts produces math scores comparable to South Korea and Finland, while Mississippi scores are closer to Trinidad and Tobago. 一份来自2011年哈佛大学的报告显示，马萨诸塞州在数学分数方面和韩国、芬兰近似，而密西西比州的分数与特立尼达拉岛和多巴哥岛的分数接近。

0223 incomparable |ɪn'kɒmpərəbəl|

adj. 1 无与伦比的 2 绝美的

例 Some people take the analogy of high science and technology in modern times to the incomparable sharp edges of a sword. 有人把现代科学和高科技比喻为一把剑锋利无比的双刃。

0224 attain |ə'teɪn|

v. 达到，获得

例 Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them. 有着较高期望的学生会给自己设置较高的目标而且知道如何实现这些目标。

0225 arise |ə'raɪz|

v. 1 起立；起身 2 出现；发生

例 The debate around GM crops arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science. 关于转基因农作物的争论产生于对新科学的无知和偏见。

0226 species |'spiːʃiːz|

n. 物种

例 We need to warn our descendants about the extinction of species. 我们要提醒我们的后代注意物种的灭绝。

0227 unlock |ʌn'lɒk|

v. 1 开锁 2 揭开；释放

例 He failed to unlock the safe in spite of all his exertion. 他虽然费尽力气，但是仍未能将保险箱的锁打开。

0228 bend |bend|

v. 1 弯曲 2 屈从

例 The Bush administration seems bent on satisfying the small but vocal group of Americans who oppose stem cell research under any conditions. 布什政府似乎趋于讨好那一小部分有声势的、反对在任何条件下进行干细胞研究的美国人。

0229 slip |slɪp|

v. 1 滑脱 2 溜走 3 滑倒

例 I’ve often wondered why people laugh at the picture of a big belly businessman slipping on a banana skin and falling on his bottom. 我总是好奇，为什么人们看到一个大腹便便的商人因为一个香蕉皮而滑倒一屁股坐在地上时会捧腹大笑。

0230 democracy |dɪ'mɒkrəsi|

n. 民主；民主政体

例 After World War Ⅱ, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. 二战后，学术界怀着新的热情转向人文科学，对许多学者来说，这是保证民主生存的最好方法。

0231 comedy |'kɒmədi|

n. 喜剧

例 He watches only those comedies by famous directors. 他只看著名导演执导的那些喜剧。

0232 sin |sɪn|

n. 罪过 v. 犯过错

例 I guess ignorance must be a sin. 我想无知一定是一种罪过。

0233 stock |stɒk|

n. 1 库存 2 股票

例 1 We have a huge stock of quality carpets on sale. 我们有大量库存优质地毯打折出售。

例 2 Economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. 经济学家们声称，即将因为支付孩子四年聚会玩乐外加学习的费用而背上债务的那些家庭可以安慰自己，上大学是一项投资，与许多银行股票不同，这项投资将获得巨额收益。

0234 counter |'kaʊntə|

n. 1 柜台 2 对立面，相反的事物 v. 抵制，抵消

例 Granted, these producers’ savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? 当然，这些制造商的节约很可能转化成杂货店的更低价格，但是多少顾客在收银台前时会联想到这些呢？

0235 element |'elɪmənt|

n. 1 元素 2 要素；基本部分

例 If you tell an acquaintance you are a grandfather who recently lost his wife and who does volunteer work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are brought to light. 如果你告诉一个熟人，你是一个最近失去妻子、周末做义工的祖父，那么你的自我形象的几个要素就会被人们所理解。

0236 chief |tʃiːf|

adj. 主要的 n. 1 负责人，头儿 2 首领；酋长

例 Soon after I arrived, the chief executive of the agency that had invited us took me aside. 我刚到不久，邀请我们的机构的主管就把我拉到一边。

0237 agenda |ə'dʒendə|

n. 议事日程

例 Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. 从八国集团经济会议到北约峰会，人口老龄化出现在每一个会议的日程上。

0238 neglect |nɪ'glekt|

n./v. 忽视

例 She gave the income from some of her books to help poor and neglected children. 她将一些书籍的收入用来帮助贫穷和被忽视的孩子们。

0239 tropical |'trɒpɪkəl|

adj. 1 热带的 2 非常湿热的

例 Tropical storms formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. 以前，古巴的热带风暴每年夺去数十人甚至数百人的生命。

0240 criminal |'krɪmɪnəl|

n. 罪犯 adj. 1 犯罪的 2 可耻的

例 1 Why not work out some system whereby they can pay back the debts they owe society instead of incurring another debt by going to prison and, of course, coming under the influence of hardened criminals. 为什么不制定出某个体系，让他们可以借此偿还欠社会的债，而不是由于被关进监狱，受到那些冥顽不化的犯罪分子的影响而对社会欠下其他的债。

例 2 In criminal cases, suspects who do not have enough money for a lawyer are given one free of charge to represent them. 在犯罪案件中，那些没有钱请律师的嫌疑人通常会被法庭指派一个免费律师来代表他们进行辩护。

0241 hallway |'hɔːlweɪ|

n. 走廊

例 Communication was informal; people discussed ideas and issues in the hallways, on a run, or over a beer. 交流是非正式的，人们会在走廊上、跑步时或是喝啤酒的时候讨论想法和问题。

0242 thrill |θrɪl|

n. 震颤感；兴奋 v. 使…非常兴奋

例 1 Hester looked at him with the thrill of joy. 海斯特望着他，心头一阵喜悦的震颤。

例 2 Students who have done their research and are confident that there’s one school they would be thrilled to get into should, under the current system, probably apply under early decision. 对于那些已经做了调查研究而且很自信有一所学校他们会很高兴能去的学生，在现有体制下，可能应该申请提前录取。

0243 slide |slaɪd|

n./v. 下滑；滑动 n. 1 幻灯片 2 滑梯

例 1 The children can swing and slide and go round and round for several hours. 孩子们可以荡秋千、玩滑梯，一玩儿就是几个小时。

例 2 To enhance his credibility with the audience, Larry had brought some slides of his family attending sports events. 为了加强观众对他的信任度，拉里带来了一些他的家人参加体育赛事的幻灯片。

例 3 The passion of investment began to slide in the mid-1990s. 投资热情于20世纪90年代中期开始下滑。

0244 witness |'wɪtnəs|

v. 目击，目睹 n. 证人；目击者

例 125 years ago, Ray Anderson, a single parent with a one-year-old son witnessed a terrible accident which took place when the driver of a truck ran a red light and collided with the car of Sandra. 25年前，雷·安德森，一位带着一个一岁孩子的单身父亲目睹了一场非常恐怖的车祸，一辆卡车闯红灯撞上了桑德拉的汽车。

例 2 One witness to the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk. 事故的一名目击者说司机似乎喝醉了。

0245 sacrifice |'sækrɪfaɪs|

v./n. 牺牲；奉献

例 Protecting the union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system. 保护工会需要牺牲那些学生，实际上就是对教育系统中的不平等现象视而不见。

0246 mentality |men'tæləti|

n. 心态；思维方式

例 They remain stuck in the “environment is cost” mentality. 他们仍然陷在“环境就是成本”的思维方式里。

0247 generation |,dʒenə'reɪʃən|

n. 1 一代人 2 代

例 Designers of American sportswear catered to the taste of the younger generation. 美国运动装设计师们迎合了年轻一代的品味。

0248 connection |kə'nekʃən|

n. 连接；关系；关联

例 We use bonding humour to enhance our social connections, but we also may employ it as a way of excluding or rejecting an outsider. 我们用连接彼此的幽默来提升我们的社交关系，但我们也能用它来排斥或拒绝一个外人。

0249 orient |'ɔːrɪənt|

v. 1 以…为导向 2 使适应，熟悉

例 Asked what they would like to change in the world, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends, becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful or less materially oriented （depending on the student’s values）. 当被问到他们希望如何改变世界的时候，学生们仅仅提到了个人关注的方面，例如放缓生活的步调、交到好朋友、变得更加注重心灵、变得在物质上更加成功或者更少以物质为导向（取决于学生们的价值观）。

0250 terrify |'terɪfaɪ|

v. 使恐惧

例 They’ve got billions of dollars to spend on legal fees, to try to terrify farmers into obeying their agreements by massive force and threats. 他们有数十亿美金可以花在法律费用上，试图恐吓农民，通过巨大的压力和威胁迫使他们遵守协议。

0251 fountain |'faʊntɪn|

n. 1 喷泉 2 源泉

例 The curtains were never drawn, even at night, so guests got a view of the lake and fountains outside which were lit up at night—a very attractive sight. 窗帘从来不会放下，甚至晚上也不会，所以宾客们可以看到窗外的湖泊和喷泉，它们在晚上会被照亮——是一幅非常漂亮的景象。

0252 absorb |əb'zɔːb|

v. 1 吸收 2 使全神贯注；吸引全部注意力

例 Happiness without meaning characterizes a relatively shallow, self-absorbed or even selfish life, in which things go well, needs and desire are easily satisfied, and complicated relationships are avoided. 缺乏意义的幸福通常意味着相对浅薄、自我甚至是自私的生活。在这种生活中，事事顺利，欲望和需求被轻易满足，而复杂的人际关系也可以被避免。

0253 forgive |fə'gɪv|

v. 1 原谅 2 免除

例 We can make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries. 我们可以通过免除选择做初级护理医生作为职业的学生的助学贷款，调和专科医生和初级护理医生之间明显的工资差别，来吸引更多的医科学生选择初级护理工作。

0254 extraordinary |ɪk'strɔːdənri|

adj. 超凡的，卓越的

例 It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. 几乎无法想象，如果没有科学家和工程师在建设我们这个复杂世界中取得杰出成就，社会会是什么样子。

0255 qualify |'kwɒlɪfaɪ|

v. 使具有资格，符合条件

例 This test will qualify you to fly an aircraft. 这一考试将使你取得驾驶飞机的资格。

0256 qualification |,kwɒlɪfɪ'keɪʃn|

n. 1 资格 2 限制条件

例 There aren’t any interpreters I know who don’t have professional qualifications and training. 我知道的口译人员中，没几个不是拥有专业资格证书和受过专业培训的。

0257 weed |wiːd|

n. 野草

例 Farmers usually use ploughs to prepare their fields for planting crops. Plows cut into the ground, and lift up weeds and other unwanted plants. 农民们通常用犁耕地来准备种植庄稼。犁深入土地，除掉杂草和其他不需要的植物。

0258 launch |lɔːntʃ|

v. 1 推广，发起 2 发射

例 They are launching a campaign to attract women voters. 他们正在推广一个活动以吸引女性选民。

0259 fancy |'fænsi|

v./n. 想象 adj. 1 奢华的 2 花哨的

例 1 She fancies herself a bohemian. 她自命为一个放荡不羁的艺术家。

例 2 Dating with Susie is just a fancy of his. 与苏茜约会只是他的想象。

例 3 I just want a basic sport coat—nothing fancy. 我只是想要一件简单的运动外套——不要太花哨。

0260 differ |'dɪfə|

v. 有区别；不同

例 Copyright laws differ from country to country. 每个国家的版权法都不一样。

0261 script |skrɪpt|

n. 剧本；广播稿

例 He got his butter and bread by writing scripts for some theatres. 他靠为一些剧院写剧本谋生。

0262 auto |'ɔːtəʊ|

n. 汽车

例 In addition to pollution and traffic jams, auto safety is a critical issue in developing nations. 除了污染和交通堵塞问题，汽车安全在发展中国家也是一个关键问题。

0263 automobile |'ɔːtəməbiːl|

n. 汽车

例 After a long period, alcoholism can deteriorate the liver, the brain and other parts of the body. The illness is dangerous, because it is involved in half of all automobile accidents. 长期酗酒会使肝脏、大脑和身体其他部位恶化。这种疾病是危险的，因为它涉及到一半的汽车事故。

0264 scheme |skiːm|

n. 计划；方案

例 Mr. Smith has written a breezy guidebook, with a series of short chapters dedicated to specific aspects of urbanity—parks, say, or the various schemes that have been put forward over the years for building the perfect city. 史密斯先生写了一本轻松活泼的指导书，用一系列简短的篇章对城市文明的一些特定方面做了介绍，比如公园，或是多年来为建设完美城市所实施的各种方案。

0265 challenge |'tʃælɪndʒ|

v./n. 挑战

例 Economic inequality is the defining challenge of our time. 经济不平等是我们这个时代的关键性挑战。

0266 option |'ɒpʃn|

n. 选择；选择权

例 They argue that governments should persuade us into making better decisions—such as saving more in our pension plan—by changing the default options. 他们认为政府应该通过改变默认选择来规劝人们做出更好的决策，例如存储更多的养老金。

0267 immediate |ɪ'miːdɪət|

adj. 立刻的

例 Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered. 的确，奥巴马效应可能出乎意料的迅速而有力，正如范得比尔特大学的雷·弗里德曼和他的同事所发现的。

0268 architect |'ɑːkɪtekt|

n. 1 （建筑）设计师 2 策划者

例 Yellen, previously a Fed vice chair, was one of the principal architects of the Fed’s $ 3.8 trillion money dump. 耶伦，一位美联储前副主席，是美联储抛售3.8万亿美金这一举措的主要策划者之一。

0269 declare |dɪ'kleə|

v. 1 宣布 2 表态

例 In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. 1961年，当肯尼迪总统宣布美国将在60年代结束之前把一个人送上月球时，这些话也有一种梦幻般的特质。

0270 outstanding |,aʊt'stændɪŋ|

adj. 1 显著的 2 杰出的

例 She made outstanding contributions to children’s education. 她为儿童教育做出了杰出的贡献。

0271 mountainous |'maʊntɪnəs|

adj. 1 多山的 2 山一般的

例 A foreign airliner was attempting to land at night in a mountainous area of Argentina and flew into a hill. 一架外国客机晚间尝试在阿根廷多山地区降落时撞上了大山。

0272 severe |sɪ'vɪə|

adj. 1 严重的 2 严厉的

例 Scientists say low till farming is becoming popular in South Asia, which is facing a severe water shortage. 科学家说，低耕农业在面临严重水资源短缺的南亚地区开始流行。

0273 severely |sɪ'vɪəli|

adv. 1 严重地 2 严厉地

例 Their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language. 他们的心理和精神发展受到语言缺乏的严重阻碍。

0274 majority |mə'dʒɒrəti|

n. 大多数

例 An overwhelming majority of students become addicted to playing computer games and it is a waste of time, money and energy. 越来越多的学生沉迷于网络游戏，这是浪费时间、金钱和精力的行为。

0275 genius |'dʒiːniəs|

n. 1 天才 2 天赋

例 When he submitted his papers in 1905, Einstein was known as a young genius in math calculations. 爱因斯坦1905年提交论文时，被认为是数学计算方面的年轻天才。

0276 chart |tʃɑːt|

n. 图表

例 They laid out the chart of their destiny to come. 他们展开了未来命运的蓝图。

0277 reaction |rɪ'ækʃn|

n. 1 反应 2 抵抗

例 You can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country. 你可以想象，当近期一份《今日美国》的全国学校周边空气质量调查把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差之一时，大家的反应。

0278 react |rɪ'ækt|

v. 1 反应；回应 2 （react against）抵抗

例 If no punishment is imposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well. 如果对工作表现欠佳的员工不予以惩罚，那么其他员工也可能会以偷工减料来回应。

0279 virus |'vaɪrəs|

n. 病毒

例 If the virus had been capable of spreading through the air, or if one infected person had unknowingly entered a large population centre, Ebola might have become a worldwide epidemic. 如果这个病毒能够通过空气传播，或者一个被感染的人在不知情的情况下进入了人口稠密的中心地区，那么埃博拉病毒可能已经变成了一种全球性的传染病。

0280 significant |sɪg'nɪfɪkənt|

adj. 重要的；有意义的

例 The humanities—while still popular in elite colleges and universities—have experienced a significant decline. 人文学科——虽然在精英学院和大学里仍然很受欢迎——经历了显著的衰退。

0281 session |'seʃn|

n. 会议；议程

例 She concluded the session with a brief restatement of how the new system will improve security and peace of mind in the municipal building. 她总结了本次会议，简要地重申了一遍新系统将会如何提高市政大厦的安全与人们内心的宁静。

0282 occupation |,ɒkjʊ'peɪʃn|

n. 职业

例 Machines were replacing manufacturing occupations like cigar rolling and glass blowing for light bulbs. 机器正在取代制造方面的职业，例如滚雪茄和为制作灯泡吹制玻璃的工作。

0283 impact |'ɪmpækt|

n. 深刻影响|ɪm'pækt| v. 对…产生影响

例 When a technology is deployed, its impacts reach far beyond itself. 当一种技术被应用时，它的影响远远超越它本身。

0284 access |'ækses|

n. 1 通道；入口 2 机会，权利 v. 接近；到达；使用

例 Today, access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights, at least in the advanced countries. 如今，享受医疗服务是一种被普遍接受的权利，至少在发达国家如此。

0285 accessible |æk'sesɪbl|

adj. 1 可获取的 2 可到达的

例 Scientists also wonder why some paintings were done in areas that are so difficult to get to, in caves, for example, that are 2,400 feet underground, and accessible only by crawling through narrow passageways. 科学家们同时觉得不解，为什么有些画位于十分难以到达的地方，比如在地下2,400英尺深的山洞里，只有爬过狭窄的通道才能到达。

0286 justice |'dʒʌstɪs|

n. 1 公正；公平 2 法官

例 Self-made billionaires in Beijing, tech innovators in Silicon Valley, pioneering justices in Ghana—in these and countless other areas, women are leaving their mark. 北京白手起家的亿万富翁，硅谷的科技创新者，加纳的先驱法官——在这些领域和无数其他领域中，女性正在留下她们的印记。

0287 ruin |'ruːɪn|

v. 毁坏，摧毁 n. （ruins）废墟

例 Etna’s frequent eruptions have ruined most of the local farmland. 埃特纳火山频繁的喷发毁坏了大部分的当地农田。

0288 factor |'fæktə|

n. 因素；因子

例 Women’s working time is influenced by the number and age of their children, but men's working time is not affected by these factors. 女性的工作时间受到她们的孩子的数量和年龄的影响，但男性的工作时间不受这些因素的影响。

0289 ban |bæn|

v. 禁止 n. 禁令

例 Robert Summers, who has taught at Cornell Law School for about 40 years, announced this week in a detailed, footnoted memorandum—that he would ban laptop computers from his class on contract law. 罗伯特·萨默斯在康奈尔大学法学院执教长达40年，本周他在一份详细的、作了脚注的备忘录里宣布:他将会在他的合同法课堂上禁止使用笔记本电脑。

0290 permission |pə'mɪʃn|

n. 1 许可 2 许可证

例 University officials say that they have no plans to track their students and Apple said it would not be possible unless students give their permission. 大学行政人员说他们不准备追踪学生；而苹果公司说除非学生给予他们许可，否则这种追踪不可能实现。

0291 breast |brest|

n. 1 胸部 2 胸脯

例 Mothers who breast-feed their babies have a hard time falling asleep. 母乳喂养婴儿的妈妈们很难入睡。

0292 theft |θeft|

n. 偷窃

例 Banks, law enforcement and technology companies are all trying to stop a network of hackers who are succeeding in stealing account numbers, names, email addresses and other crucial data used in identity theft. 银行、执法部门和科技公司都在尝试阻止一个黑客的网络，这些黑客正在成功地窃取账号、姓名、邮件地址和其他可被用于身份盗用的关键数据。

0293 sleeve |sliːv|

n. 袖子

例 Next time you go camping, take some precaution, say, wearing long sleeves. 下次你去野营的时候，做一些预防措施，比方说穿长袖。

0294 investigate |ɪn'vestɪgeɪt|

v. 研究；调查

例 If you love the social aspects of your job, but are stuck inside an office or “chained to your desk” most of the time, vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. 如果你热爱你工作的社交方面，却大部分时间都被困在办公室里，或被“拴在办公桌上”，一定要跟随你的直觉并研究其他可以有更多时间和其他人交流的职业和工作。

0295 investigator |ɪn'vestɪgeɪtə|

n. 调查者

例 The German authorities are sending investigators to discover the cause of the plane crash late yesterday on the island of Tenerife. 德国政府正在派遣一些调查员去调查昨天晚些时候在特内里费岛发生的坠机事件的原因。

0296 numerous |'njuːmərəs|

adj. 许多的

例 Numerous studies have now found that when classroom material is made harder to absorb, pupils retain more of it over the long term, and understand it on a deeper level. 诸多研究已经发现，当课堂内容让学生更加难以理解的时候，学生从长过远来看可以记住更多的东西，同时也可以有更深层的理解。

0297 available |ə'veɪləbl|

adj. 1 可利用的；可获取的 2 有空的

例 I am sorry, this is not Mr. White, this is his secretary. Mr. White is not available, may I take a message? 抱歉，我不是怀特先生，我是他的秘书。他现在没空，您方便留言吗？

0298 unavailable |,ʌnə'veɪləbl|

adj. 无法得到的；不方便的

例 About half of the kitchenware in his shop is unavailable on the market. 他店里一半以上的炊具在市场上无法获得。

0299 seize |siːz|

v. 1 抓住 2 利用

例 India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership. 印度、中国、日本和其他一些地区似乎都在争夺科技领导权。