伦敦住房危机 The London Housing Crisis
News Background 新闻导读
伦敦住房危机并不是一个新的挑战，其已经存在数十年。究其原因在于英国政府在投资兴建足够的全新且让居民负担得起的住房问题上的系统性失败。随着伦敦人口的不断增加，当局需要每年新建66，000套住宅才能满足民众对住房的新增和积压的需求。事实上，上述数字是目前整个伦敦市每年所能提供的住宅数量的接近两倍，并且私营住宅建设企业永远没有能力建设如此多数量的住宅。因此伦敦住房危机只能依靠由政府投资的可持续且廉价的新住宅建设项目，这一项目之中就包含建设数万套廉租房。地方议会在促进政府投资建设住宅计划落地实施的过程中扮演着十分关键的角色，也正因为如此英国政府应该解除地方议会的借贷禁令使其可以设法融资以启动建设政府救济房。
News Transcript 新闻正文
The London housing crisis explained by Alternative Home.Everyone knows living in London is really expensive,but how much money do you really need to live here?If you want to buy a house in Camden for example,you'll need 19.6 times more your income to afford it.Ten years ago,you would only have needed 7.7 times your income.That's two and a half times more！Housing has become less and less affordable：from 1997 to today,rent in London has tripled.To buy a house,you now need fve times more than you did ten years ago.
So how did we get here?In 1945，new social housing programmes started involving local authorities.Lots of people started moving into them.At some point,over a quarter of the UK population lived in this kind of housing.In the mid-50s,conservative governments started devolving social housing to the private sector.Margaret Thatcher's government changed the UK housing system for good.The Right-to-Buy programme allowed council tenants to buy their home at a generous discount.The sold off council houses were not replaced,creating a shortage in social housing.The Bank of England slashed interest rates and mortgages became cheaper.More people borrowed and amateur landlords bought second homes to rent them out.A couple of years later,Right-to-Buy 2.0 was introduced by David Cameron.Sales of council houses increased by 400%in three years.It's still on today！On top of this,overseas property investors,London's rising population and a shortage of new homes made housing prices soar.
The average millennial now has to borrow from the bank of Mum and Dad in order to save enough deposit to get a mortgage.The Generation Rent are those who cannot rely on the generosity of their parents.They are locked out of homeownership,but unable to qualify for social housing.Luckily there are other alternatives housing solutions.Check out our website.
Translaton 参考译文
《选家》栏目为您解读伦敦住房危机。每个人都知道住在伦敦花费很高，但是到底需要多少钱你才能住在这里呢？举个例子，如果你想在卡姆登买房子，你至少有收入19.6倍的资金才能买得起它。10年前，你只需要有收入的7.7倍资金就可以了。房价涨了2.5倍多。人们越来越买不起房子了：从1997年至今，伦敦的房租涨到了原先的3倍。相比10年前，现在买房子需要付出原来的5倍多。
为什么会变成这样呢？1945年，地方政府开始纳入新社会福利房项目。许多人开始搬进这种房子。在某些时期，超过四分之一的英国人住在这种房子里。到了50年代中期，保守党政府开始将社会福利住房私有化。玛格丽特·撒切尔政府彻底改变了英国的住房制度。公共住房低价出售项目允许福利房的租户以优惠的价格购买他们的房子。卖光福利房之后，没有其他房源代替福利房，这导致了社会福利房的短缺。英国央行大幅降息，抵押贷款变得更便宜。租房子的人越来越多，很多人买了第二套房子出租把房东作为业余职业。数年后，戴维·卡梅伦推出了公共住房低价出售项目2.0版本。福利房的销售量在短短3年内涨了400%。直到今天房价仍在继续上涨！除此之外，来自海外的房地产投资者、伦敦不断增长的人口以及新住房的短缺使得房价飙升。
现在，千禧一代基本都得向父母求助，以节省足够的存款来获取抵押贷款。租房一代是那些无法依赖父母慷慨解囊的人。他们既买不起房子，又无法满足申请社会福利房的要求。幸好还有其他的解决方案。更多信息请点击我们的网站。
Listening Comprehension 听力理解
1.If you want to buy a house in Camden for example,you'll need______times your income to afford it.
2.How many times you need more than you did ten years ago to buy a house now?
3.Who introduced Right-to-Buy 2.0?
Hot Words 新闻热词
crisis[ˈkraɪsɪs]n.危机
expensive[ɪkˈspensɪv]adj.昂贵的；花钱的
affordable[əˈfɔːdəbəl]adj.负担得起的
involve[ɪnˈvɒlv]vt.包含；牵涉
authority[ɔːˈθɒrɪtɪ]n.权威；权力；当局
conservative[kənˈsɜːvətɪv]adj.保守的
devolve[dɪˈvɒlv]vt.转移；移交
private[ˈpraɪvɪt]adj.私人的，私有的
sector[ˈsektə]n.部门
tenant[ˈtenənt]n.承租人
millennial[mɪˈlenɪrl]adj.一千年的；千禧年的
deposit[dɪˈpɒzɪt]n.存款
mortgage[ˈmɔːgɪdʒ]n.抵押
generosity[dʒenəˈrɒsətɪ]n.慷慨
Listening Analysis 精彩解析
1.The average millennial now has to borrow from the bank of Mum and Dad in order to save enough deposit to get a mortgage.
in order to为了
例句 He polished off his work in order to see his mother.
为了去见他的母亲，他匆忙地做完手头的工作。
He finished his homework carelessly in order to watch TV early.
为了早早看电视，他马马虎虎写完了作业。
2.Check out our website.
check out查找；核对
例句 Please check out the best one of the bunch.
请从这一群人中找出最好的一个。
Check out some of these highlights.
找到这些亮点。
答案
1.19.6
2.To buy a house,you now need fve times more than you did ten years ago.
3.David Cameron