本章参考文献
[1] 国家教委．读者服务与研究教学大纲［M］．北京：高等教育出版社，1996．
[2] 张树华．读者工作的实质［J］．大学图书馆通讯，1986（2）：10-11．
[3] 沈继武．关于图书馆学若干理论问题的思考［J］．图书情报知识，1985（1）：21-26．
[4] 张桂荣．浅谈图书馆的读者管理工作［J］．科技信息，2010（35）：871-872．
[5] 中国大百科全书总委员会《本卷》编辑委员会．中国大百科全书·图书馆学、情报学、档案学［M］．北京：中国大百科全书出版社，1993．
[6] 王绍平．图书情报词典［M］．上海：汉语大词典出版社，1991．
[7] 丘东江．图书馆学情报学大辞典［M］．北京：海洋出版社，2013．
[8] LINE M B. Draft definitions: information and library needs, wants, demands and uses[J]. Aslib proceedings, 1949(26): 87.
[9] WILSON T D. On user studies and information needs[J]. Journal of documentation, 2006, 2(6): 658-670.
[10] BELKIN N J. Information concerts of information science[J]. Journal of documentation, 1978(7): 34-81.
[11] 胡昌平．信息服务与用户［M］．武汉：武汉大学出版社，2001．
[12] 孙林山．我国信息用户需求和信息行为分析研究综述［J］．图书馆论坛，2006，26（5）：41-44．
[13] 陈伟大，孙成权，吴新年．试论公众信息需求的满足［J］．图书与情报，2006（6）：63-67．
[14] 吴慰慈．图书馆学新探［M］．北京：北京图书馆出版社，2007．
[15] 马费成，宋恩梅．信息管理学基础［M］．2版．武汉：武汉大学出版社，2011．
[16] BOUAZZA A. Information user studies[J]. Encyclopedia of library and information science, 1989, 44(9): 144-164.
[17] 张国海，张玉玲．论用户情报行为［J］．图书情报工作，1994（1）：14-16．
[18] 沙勇忠．情报行为的结构分析［J］．情报杂志，1994（6）：30-33．
[19] 岳剑波．信息管理基础［M］．北京：清华大学出版社，1996：24-31．
[20] WILSON T D. Human information behavior[J]. Information science research, 2000, 3(2): 49-55.
[21] KRIKELAS J. Information-seeking behavior: patterns and concepts[J]. Drexel library quarterly, 1983, 19(2): 5-20.
[22] BROWN M E. A General model of information-seeking behavior[C]. Asis Meeting, 1991.
[23] MARCHIONINI G. Information seeking in electronic environments[M]. England: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
[24] 巢乃鹏．网络受众心理行为研究：一种信息查寻的研究范式［M］．北京：新华出版社，2002．
[25] 沙勇忠，任立肖．网络用户信息查寻行为研究述评［J］．图书情报工作，2005，49（1）：128-132．
[26] 中华人民共和国文化部．中华人民共和国文化行业标准（WH/T 47-2012）：图书馆数字资源统计规范［S］．北京：国家图书馆出版社，2013．
[27] 李法运．网络用户信息检索行为研究［J］．中国图书馆学报，2003（2）：63-66+78．
[28] MASLOW A H. A theory of human motivation[J]. Psychological review, 1943, 50(1): 370-396.
[29] MACEVICIUTE E. Information needs research in Russia and Lithuania (1965—2003)[J]. Information research an international electronic journal, 2006, 11(3): 256.
[30] 李小虎，刘熹，等．微信时代用户群体健康信息需求调查分析［J］．预防医学情报杂志，2017，33（7）：689-692．
[31] 黄智武，付小爱．高校教师信息需求特征与图书馆服务对策［J］．图书馆论坛，2005（1）：136-137+169．
[32] 胡昌平．现代信息管理机制研究［M］．武汉：武汉大学出版社，2004：101-103．
[33] TAYLOR R S. Question-negotiation and information seeking in libraries[J]. College research libraries, 1968, 29(3): 178-194.
[34] 韩毅．用户情报检索机制的历时性分析研究［J］．情报理论与实践，2001，24（6）：423-425．
[35] PALMER C L. Research practices and research libraries: working toward high impact information services[R/OL]. [2015-03-09]. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.525.9072 & rep=repl & type=pdf.
[36] WILSON T D. Models in information behaviour research[J]. Journal of documentation, 1999, 55(3): 249-270.
[37] LIEBSCHER P, MARCHIONINI G. Browse and analytical search strategies in a Full-Text CD-ROM Encyclopedia[J]. School library media quarterly, 1988, 16(4): 223-233.
[38] 王丽佳，卢章平．大学生网络学术信息检索行为分析［J］．图书情报研究，2016，9（3）：71-78．
[39] BATES M J . The design of browsing and berrypicking techniques for the online search interface[J]. Online information review, 1989(13): 407-424.
[40] FISHER K E, ERDELEZ S, MCKECHNIE L E F. Theories of information behavior[M]. Information Today, Inc., 2005: 58-62.
[41] DERVIN B. Sense‐making theory and practice: an overview of user interests in knowledge seeking and use[J]. Journal of knowledge management, 1998, 2(2): 36-46.
[42] DEWEY J. How we think[J]. Rev chil ortop traumatol, 1910, 42(11): 11-12.
[43] 乔欢，周舟．意义建构理论要义评析［J］．图书馆杂志，2007，26（5）：8-10．
[44] BANDURA A . Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective[J]. Asian journal of social psychology, 1999, 2(1): 21-41.
[45] 伍玉伟．社会认知理论在图书馆用户信息查寻行为中的应用研究［J］．河北科技图苑，2014，27（2）：20-22+9．
[46] BROOKES B C. The foundations of information science: part I. philosophical aspects[J]. Journal of information science, 1980, 2(5): 125-133.
[47] 贺颖，孟鹏，宋文胜．情报用户知识结构的认知视角分析：布鲁克斯方程式的进一步探讨［J］．情报杂志，2003（7）：6-8．
[48] SWELLER J. Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning[J]. Cognitive science, 1988, 12(2): 257-285.
[49] 孙玉伟．用户信息行为研究的理论基础探源：上［J］．图书馆杂志，2011，30（10）：7-12．
[50] 陈巧芬．认知负荷理论及其发展［J］．现代教育技术，2007（9）：16-19+15．
[51] KUHLTHAU C C. Inside the search process: information seeking from the user's perspective[J]. Journal of the association for information science and technology, 1991, 42(5): 361-371.
[52] ELLIS D, COX D, HALL K. A comparison of the information seeking patterns of researchers in the physical and social sciences[J]. Journal of documentation, 1993, 49(4): 356-369.
[53] ELLIS D, HAUGAN M. Modelling the information seeking patterns of engineers and research scientists in an industrial environment[J]. Journal of documentation, 1997, 53(4): 384-403.
[54] SARACEVIC T. Modeling interaction in information retrieval (IR): A review and proposal[J]. Proceedings of the American society for information science & technology, 1996, 33(1): 3-9.
[55] CHOO B C W. Closing the cognitive gaps: How people process information[C]. Financial Times of London, March, 1999.
[56] SPINK A., OZMUTLU H C., OZMUTLU S. Multitasking information seeking and searching processes[J]. Journal of the association for information science and technology, 2002, 53(8): 639-652.
[57] FOSTER A. A nonlinear model of information-seeking behavior[J]. Journal of the American society for information science and technology, 2004, 55(3): 228-237.
[58] 何晓阳，邓小昭．国外信息查寻行为模型补遗［J］．图书情报工作，2010，54（23）：124-127．
[59] 郭桑，李桂华．国外信息检索行为模型研究综述［J］．新世纪图书馆，2013（10）：24-26+29．
[60] LARGE A., BEHESHTI J. OPACs: a research review[J]. Library & information science research, 1997, 19(2): 111-133.
[61] 叶乃静．线上公用目录之使用研究：文献探讨［J］．大学图书馆学报，2001，5（1）：93-115．
[62] 朱茵．OPAC用户研究文献综述［J］．情报杂志，2004（9）：92-94．
[63] ORTIZ-REPISO V, BAZAN V, PONSATI A, et al. How researchers are using the OPAC of the Spanish council for scientific research library network[J]. The electronic library, 2006, 24(2): 190-211.
[64] HILDRETH C R. The use and understanding of keyword searching in a university online catalog[J]. Information technology and libraries, 1997, 16(2): 52-62.
[65] MISSINGHAM R, BRETTELL R, WHITE S, et al. Accessing information in a parliamentary environment: is the OPAC dead?[J]. Library hi tech, 2009, 27(1): 42-56.
[66] BLECIC D D, DORSCH J L, KOENIG M H, et al. a longitudinal study of the effects of OPAC screen changes on searching behavior and searcher success[J]. College & research libraries, 1999, 60(6): 515-530.
[67] LAU E P, GOH D H. In search of query patterns: a case study of a university OPAC[J]. Information processing & management, 2006, 42(5): 1316-1329.
[68] MOULAISON H L. OPAC queries at a medium-sized academic library[J]. Library resources & technical services, 2008, 52(4): 230-237.
[69] JANSEN B J, SPINK A, SARACEVIC T. Real life, real users, and real needs: a study and analysis of user queries on the web[J]. Information processing & management, 2000, 36(2): 207-227.
[70] FERL T E, MILLSAP L. The knuckle-cracker's dilemma: a transaction log study of OPAC subject searching[J]. Information technology and libraries, 1996, 15(2): 81-98.
[71] ISHITA E, MINE S, KOIZUMI M, et al. Analyzing OPAC use with screen views and eye tracking[C]. ACM, 2009: 405-406.
[72] YUSOFF H M. The use of electronic information resources among the users of Penang Public Library Corporation[C/OL]. 2006. [2014-06-28]. http: //arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/bitstream/10150/105887/1/69.Hashimah_Mohd_Yusoff_pp486-495.
[73] ARIYAPALA P G, EDZAN N N. Foreign postgraduate students and the online catalogue at the University of Malaya library[J]. Malaysian journal of library and information science, 2002, 7(1): 57-68.
[74] 王绍平，汤莉华．OPACvs搜索引擎：从上海交大看我国高校师生的信息获取行为［J］．大学图书情报学刊，2008（1）：63-68．
[75] 李杉．国家图书馆Web OPAC用户调查分析［J］．国家图书馆学刊，2005（4）：42-45．
[76] 王海英，张晓苗，汪其英．高校图书馆升级OPAC之探讨：基于贵州大学图书馆OPAC用户调查分析的个案研究［J］．贵州师范学院学报，2011（1）：42-44．
[77] ADEDIBU L O. Catalogue use by science students in the university of Ilorin, Nigeria[J]. Libri, 2008, 58(1): 58-62.
[78] LOMBARDO S V, CONDIC K S. Empowering users with a new online catalog[J]. Library hi tech, 2000, 18(2): 130-141.
[79] 李清．编目用户利用CALIS与国图OPAC的检索策略探索［J］．高校图书馆工作，2013（6）：63-65．
[80] VILLEN-RUEDA L, SENSO J A, DE MOYA-ANEGÓN F. The use of OPAC in a large academic library: a transactional log analysis study of subject searching[J]. The journal of academic librarianship, 2007, 33(3): 327-337.
[81] JANSEN B J, POOCH U. A review of web searching studies and a framework for future research[J]. Journal of the American society for information science andtechnology, 2001, 52(3): 235-246.
[82] JANSEN B J. An investigation into the use of simple queries on web IR systems[J]. Information research: an electronic journal, 2000, 6(1): 1-10.
[83] 祝力．试析因特网对用户利用图书馆OPAC的影响［J］．图书情报知识，2006（1）：35-38．
[84] OLSEN R J, CHRISTENSEN J O, LARSEN K A, et al. Implementing NOTIS keyword/Boolean searching: a case study[J]. Cataloging & classification quarterly, 1989, 10(1-2): 125-140.
[85] DINET J, FAVART M, PASSERAULT J M. Searching for information in an online public access catalogue (OPAC): the impacts of information search expertise on the use of Boolean operators[J]. Journal of computer assisted learning, 2004, 20(5): 338-346.
[86] 赖茂生，王延飞，赵丹群．计算机情报检索［M］．2版．北京：北京大学出版社，2006．
[87] 宋登汉，詹萌．中外八大OPAC系统的比较与分析［J］．图书情报知识，2005（3）：44-46．
[88] 王海英，汪其英．国内现有主要OPAC的调查研究［J］．农业图书情报学刊，2011（12）：48-53．
[89] HSIEH-YEE I. Student use of online catalogs and other information channels[J]. College & research libraries, 1996, 57(2): 161-175.
[90] BABU B R, TAMIZHCHELVAN M. An investigation into the features of OPACs in Tamil Nadu (India)[J]. Library review, 2003, 52(6): 257-267.
[91] 北京师范大学图书馆［EB/OL］．［2014-07-06］．http://www.lib.bnu.edu.cn/．
[92] 北京大学图书馆［EB/OL］．［2014-07-06］．http://lib.pku.edu.cn/．
[93] NOVOTNY E. I don't think I click: a protocol analysis study of use of a library online catalog in the internet age[J]. College & research libraries, 2004, 65(6): 525-537.
[94] WILLSON R, GIVEN L M. The effect of spelling and retrieval system familiarity on search behavior in online public access catalogs: a mixed methods study[J]. Journal of the American society for information science and technology, 2010, 61(12): 2461-2476.
[95] JONES S, CUNNINGHAM S J, MCNAB R., et al. A transaction log analysis of a digital library[J]. International journal on digital libraries, 2000, 3(2): 152-169.
[96] 李宜容．人文及社会学科读者使用线上公用目录检索词汇之研究［J］．大学图书馆，1998，2（3）：48-74．
[97] WYLY B J. From access points to materials: a transaction log analysis of access point value for online catalog users[J]. Library resources & technical services, 1996, 40(3): 211-236.
[98] TAM W, COX A M, BUSSEY A. Student user preferences for features of next-generation OPACs: a case study of University of Sheffield international students[J]. Program: electronic library and information systems, 2009, 43(4): 349-374.
[99] 林绮屏．基于OPAC日志的读者需求分析［J］．农业图书情报学刊，2006（1）：46-49．
[100] 蔡家齐．中文在线公用目录系统FRBR功能设计之研究［D/OL］．台湾师范大学图书资讯学研究所学位论文，2006：1-192．［2014-07-01］．http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/07151932428230995657．
[101] 王妍，魏晨，赵荣．基于学科背景的OPAC系统用户调查［J］．图书情报工作，2009（S1）：38-41．
[102] 赵荣，王妍，魏晨．OPAC用户专业学科需求调研及其改进途径［J］．图书馆建设，2009（8）：24-28．
[103] ANSARI M. A. Awareness and use of OPACs in five Delhi libraries[J]. The Electronic Library, 2008, 26(1): 111-129.
[104] ODUWOLE A A, OYESIKU F A, LABULO A A. On-line public access catalogue (OPAC) use in Nigerian academic libraries: a case study from the university of agriculture, Abeokuta[J]. Library herald, 2002, 40(1): 20-27.
[105] 蓝文钦．读者如何使用在线目录中的著录项目［J/OL］．2005．［2014-07-01］．http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/20437/1/932413H002026．
[106] GUHA T K, SARAF V. OPAC usability: assessment through verbal protocol[J]. The electronic library, 2005, 23(4): 463-473.
[107] PENG L K, RAMAIAH C K, FOO S. Heuristic-based user interface evaluation at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore[J]. Program: electronic library and information systems, 2004, 38(1): 42-59.
[108] ENSOR P. User characteristics of keyword searching in an OPAC[J]. College & research libraries, 1992, 53(1): 72-80.
[109] CHERRY J M. Improving subject access in OPACs: an exploratory study of conversion of users' queries. [J]. Journal of academic librarianship, 1992, 18(2): 95-99.
[110] RAY K L, LANG M S. Analyzing search styles of patrons and staff: a replicative study of two university libraries[J]. Library resources & technical services, 1997, 41(3): 219-235.
[111] KUMAR S. Relationship of OPAC users' satisfaction with their demographic characteristics, computer skills, user education, user assistance and user-friendly OPAC[J]. The electronic library, 2014, 32(1): 106-123.
[112] DRABENSTOTT K M, WELLER M S. Failure analysis of subject searches in a test of a new design for subject access to online catalogs[J]. Journal of the American society for information science, 1996, 47(7): 519-537.
[113] KUMAR S, Vohra R. User perception and use of OPAC: a comparison of three universities in the Punjab region of India[J]. The electronic library, 2013, 31(1): 36-54.
[114] KUMAR S. Impact of internet search engines on OPAC users: a study of Punjabi University, Patiala (India)[J]. Program: electronic library and information systems, 2012, 46(1): 56-70.
[115] STAMATOPLOS A, MACKOY R. Effects of library instruction on university students' satisfaction with the library: a longitudinal study [J]. College & research libraries, 1998, 59(4): 322-333.
[116] FIELDS B, KEITH S, BLANDFORD A. Designing for expert information finding strategies [A]. Springer, 2005. 89-102.
[117] KANI-ZABIHI E, GHINEA G, CHEN S Y. User perceptions of on-line public library catalogues [J]. International journal of information management, 2008, 28(6): 492-502.
[118] YOUNG M, YU H. The impact of web search engines on subject searching in OPAC[J]. Information technology and libraries, 2004, 23(4): 168-180.
[119] HSIEH YEE I. Effects of search experience and subject knowledge on the search tactics of novice and experienced searchers [J]. Journal of the American society for information science, 1993, 44(3): 161-174.
[120] KANI-ZABIHI E, GHINEA G. Involving users in OPAC interface design: perspective from a UK study[M]. Springer, 2007: 374-383.
[121] HILDRETH C R. Accounting for users' inflated assessments of on-line catalogue search performance and usefulness: an experimental study[J]. Information research, 2001, 6(2): 2-6.
[122] 风笑天．社会学研究方法（第三版）［M］．北京：中国人民大学出版社，2009．
[123] 侯新宇．利用WML和JSP技术开发WAP OPAC检索平台：以Melinets系统为例［J］．江西图书馆学刊，2012（2）：103-106．
[124] 汪志莉，程煊．DOM技术在手机OPAC开发中的应用：以华东师范大学图书馆为例［J］．图书馆论坛，2013（5）：109-112．
[125] 朱玲，聂华．通过日志挖掘研究图书馆资源发现服务用户的搜索行为［J］．现代图书情报技术，2011（12）：74-78．