▷▷▷第三节 新动能助力中国经济高质量发展的机制机理
Section Three Mechanism of High-Quality Development of China's Economy with the Help of New Growth Drivers
提到新动能不得不说新经济，新经济与新动能究竟为何种关系？从广义上讲新动能具有三层含义：其一是指新动力作用于新经济运行系统而产生的推动经济前进的能量，这里新动能＝新动力+新经济；其二是指新动力作用于原有经济运行系统而产生的推动经济前进的能量，这里新动能＝新动力；其三是指原有动力作用于新经济运行系统而产生的推动经济前进的能量，这里新动能＝新经济。就第一层含义而言，新动能可从新动力和新经济两个方面助力中国经济高质量发展；就第二层含义而言，新动能是促进新经济发展的动力机制；就第三层含义而言，培育新动能与发展新经济互为因果。因此，无论从哪个层面讲，培育新动能都是中国经济高质量发展的重要举措，具体而言：
In terms of new growth drivers, we have to talk about new economy. What is the relationship between new economy and new growth drivers? The new growth driver refers to the energy to promote economic development. In a broad sense, the new growth driver has three meanings: first, it is generated by the new power acting on the new economic operation system, which means new growth driver equals new power plus new economy; second, it is generated by the new power acting on the original economic operation system, which means new growth driver equals new power; third, it is generated by the original power acting on the new economic operation system, which means new growth driver equals new economy. In terms of the first meaning, the new growth driver can help China's high-quality economic development in the two aspects of new power and new economy; in terms of the second meaning, new growth driver is the driving mechanism to promote the development of new economy; in terms of the third meaning, cultivating new growth driver and developing new economy are mutually causes and effects. Therefore, no matter from which aspect, cultivating new growth driver is an important measure for China's high-quality economic development.
新动能强力提高要素增长效率。发展新经济培育新动能要求以人才、技术、知识、信息等新要素高质量供给为主，可从源头直接提高要素供给效率。新经济与新动能倒逼金融资本提高效率；新动能可通过生产资料智能化、流程再造等提高劳动要素效率；应用新技术可提高资源流转效率，从而间接提高要素效率。
The new growth driver strongly improves the efficiency of factor growth. The development of new economy and cultivation of new growth driver require high-quality supply of new factors such as talents, technology, knowledge and information, which can directly improve the efficiency of factor supply from the source. New economy and new growth driver force financial capital to improve efficiency. New growth driver can improve labor factor efficiency through production intelligence and process reengineering. Application of new technology can improve resource transfer efficiency, thus indirectly improving factor efficiency.
新动能加速推动产业体系现代化。新动能以人才、技术、信息和知识要素为主要投入要素，可迅速形成新共性产业技术，促进不同产业间相互融合，催生新的产业形态，培育壮大高技术前沿产业。新动能加剧产业集聚，在集群化的产业生态中，可以接受来自各产业的技术外溢效应、人才流动效应、交易成本降低效应等，有利于新产业的内部培育与外部引进，达到产业结构合理化的预期。
New growth drivers will accelerate the modernization of the industrial system. With talents, technology, information and knowledge as the main input factors, new growth drivers can rapidly form new common industrial technology, promote the integration of different industries, give birth to new industrial forms, and cultivate and expand high-tech frontier industries. New growth drivers intensify industrial gathering. In the industrial ecology of gathering, it can accept the effect of technology spillover, talents flow and transaction cost reduction from various industries, which is conducive to the internal cultivation and external introduction of new industries, to achieve the expectation of rationalization of industrial structure.
新动能全面助力消费转型升级。数据智能化引导企业以消费者为主体，以适应不同消费者的消费需求为出发点，以个性化定制模式代替标准化大量生产模式。从供给端发力，创造新的消费模式，不断满足消费者多样化的需求。依托互联网和个性化大数据技术，将个性化发展融入新兴服务业中。利用大数据技术，精准分析和识别国内外消费的潮流趋势，瞄准细分需求，打造多元品牌，满足品牌化消费需求。
The new growth driver will extensively help the transformation and upgrading of consumption. Data intelligence guides enterprises to take consumers as the main body, to adapt to the consumption needs of different consumers as the starting point, and to replace the standardized mass production with personalized customization. It creates new consumption patterns on the basis of the supply, and constantly meets the diverse needs of consumers. It relies on the Internet and personalized big data technology and integrates personalized development into the emerging service industry. Use big data technology to accurately analyze and identify the trend of consumption at home and abroad, so as to target the demand of segmentation, create multiple brands and meet the demand of brand consumption.
新动能高效优化投资结构。新技术改变了信息的传播路径、加工与组织层次，显著改善了信息不对称问题，为新兴基础设施建设与维护等提供新的投资机会，促使资本流向前沿高端产业。新动能驱动下，投资风险降低，投资领域多样化，有助于新领域的种子企业获得资金支持。在金融深化改革与支持新经济发展的政策背景下，有助于资本与新科技融合。新经济的发展与新动能的培育，有助于破除中西部地区空间发展与开放限制，在一定程度上改变外商投资的投资倾向。
The new growth driver optimizes the investment structure efficiently. New technology has changed the transmission path, processing and organization level of information, significantly improved information asymmetry, provided new investment opportunities for the construction and maintenance of new infrastructure, and promoted the capital flow to frontier high-end industries. Driven by the new growth driver, the investment risk is reduced and the investment fields are diversified, which helps the seeded enterprises in new fields to obtain financial support. With the policy of deepening financial reform and supporting the development of new economy, it is conducive to the integration of capital and new technology. The development of new economy and the cultivation of new growth driver will help to break the restrictions of spatial development and opening up in the central and western regions and change the investment tendency of foreign investment to a certain extent.
新动能深度协调区域平衡发展。新动能驱动产权改革，促使产权要素进农村。随着农业新动能的发展，产权改革越来越深入，“三权”的资产性不断被盘活，有利于现代化农业产业体系的建立。新动能打破地理空间限制，促进中西部逐渐实现全面发展。新技术的渗透、新产业的培育在一定程度上打破了中西部地理空间限制，发挥相较于东部地区的后发优势，提升生产效率，促进经济社会全面发展。新动能全面激发传统产业转型升级，有助于振兴东北。东北老工业基地通过培育人才新动能、技术新动能、消费新动能，形成新的经济增长点，有助于实现振兴发展。
The new growth driver deeply coordinates the balanced development of the regions. The new growth driver promotes the reform of property and introduces it to the countryside. With the development of new drivers in agriculture, the reform of property develops in-depth. The assets of“three rights” （rights of land owning, contracting and managing）are constantly revitalized, conducive to the establishment of modern agricultural industrial system. The new growth driver will break the geographical and spatial restrictions and promote the gradual realization of all-round development in the central and western regions. The penetration of new technologies and the cultivation of new industries will break the geographical and spatial restrictions of the central and western regions to a certain extent, give full play to the late-rising development advantages compared with the eastern regions, improve the production efficiency, and gradually promote the comprehensive economic and social development. The new growth driver stimulates the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries in an all-round way, which is conducive to the revitalization of Northeast China. The northeast old industrial base forms new economic growth points by cultivating new growth drivers of talents, technology and consumption, which helps realize revitalization and development.