Unit One Prisons and Jails 监狱
Unit Objectives
When studying the unit,you will learn
★ how to interview a new inmate
★ the functions of prisons and jails
★ consular notification process
★ common facility in a US prison
★ to call some police commands
Oral Practice
A correctional officer (A) is interviewing a new inmate (B)
A：Next one！Step inside！下一位，进来！
B：Good morning，sir！早上好，警官！
A：Good morning！Your name？早上好！你的姓名？
B：Thomas Elder.托马斯·艾得。
A：Nationality？国籍？
B：Canadian.加拿大。
A：Is this your first time in prison？这是你第一次入狱吗？
B：Yes，I am afraid so.是的。
A：Sorry to hear that.On what ground were you charged？很遗憾，你犯了什么罪？
B：Armed robbery，sir.持枪抢劫。
A：I see.Do you have any religion？明白。你有宗教信仰吗？
B：No，sir.没有。
A：O.K.We will assign you to Cell No.202.You are going to have 3 cellmates.Any questions？好。我们将安排你入住202监舍。你有三位舍友。有问题吗？
B：Can I see our consular officer？我可以见我国的领事官员吗？
A：Sure you can.We will arrange for that.Anything else？当然可以。我们会做安排的。还有其他问题吗？
B：What are the visiting hours？什么时间可以探视？
A：Every Saturday and Sunday，from 9 a.m.to 11 a.m.and from 2 p.m.to 4 p.m.每周六和周日上午九点到十一点，下午两点到四点。
B：Got it.明白。
A：One more thing，you should check in all your personal belongings before heading to your cell.还有一件事，在去监舍前，你必须上缴所有的个人物品。
B：Why is that？为什么？
A：No personal belongings are allowed in the ward.We will return them to you when you are released.监狱不允许携带个人物品。在你出狱时，我们会退还给你的。
B：OK.I will do that.好的，我会上缴。
A：Good.Hope you will serve your time and get out of here earlier.希望你好好服刑，尽快出狱。
B：You bet I will.我一定做到！
A：You can leave now.你可以离开了。
B：Thank you，sir！谢谢，警官！
Passage
Protecting Society and Reducing Crime
Prisons play an important role of protecting society by confining offenders in the controlled prison facilities that are safe,humane,cost-efficient,and appropriately secure,and that provide work,rehabilitation and other self-improvement opportunities to assist offenders in becoming law-abiding citizens.
The Bureau of Prison Administration supervises all prisons in the country.It is committed to supporting the successful reintegration of offenders into their home communities as a means of reducing recidivism and enhancing public safety.While still incarcerated,toward the end of their sentence,offenders are offered extensive assistance with such issues as employment,housing,and family matters.The agency also endeavors to provide,for appropriate offenders,a period of supervision in the community prior to the end of sentence that further bridges their transition back into law abiding society.
Words and Expressions
（续上表）
Notes
① Prisons play an important role of protecting society by confining offenders in the controlled prison facilities that are safe,humane,cost-efficient,and appropriately secure.
监狱通过关押罪犯而发挥着维护社会治安的重要作用，它的特点是安全、人道、有成本效益，并且是严密把守的。
play a role意思是“扮演角色、发挥作用”。如：
The media play a major role in influencing people's opinions.
媒体在影响舆论方面发挥着重要作用。
② The Bureau of Prison Administration监狱管理局
③ It is committed to supporting the successful reintegration of offenders into their home communities as a means of reducing recidivism and enhancing public safety.
监狱管理局致力于帮助犯人重新融入社会，以减少犯人的重新犯罪并改善公共安全。
be committed to doing sth.意思是“承诺做某事，致力于做某事”。如：
The President is committed to reforming health care.
总统承诺要改革医疗保健制度。
④While still incarcerated,toward the end of their sentence,offenders are offered extensive assistance with such issues as employment,housing,and family matters.
在关押服刑期间，罪犯会在就业、住房、家庭事务等方面得到全面的帮助。在本句中，incarcerated是过去分词作状语，可以看成省略了主语和系动词的状语从句，但是这种用法只能是从句主语与主句主语相同时才可以用，本句可以替换成为While they are still incarcerated，toward the end of their sentence，offenders are offered extensive assistance....
又如：If walking alone at night，you should be very careful about your safety.
如果你一个人走夜路，一定要注意安全。
Exercises
A Read and Complete:Fill in the blanks with the proper words and expressions given below.Change the form where necessary.
supervise provide offender facility
appropriate humane assistance endeavor
assist protect
1.They kindly offered to provide us with legal__________in the lawsuit.
2.Wearing dark glasses can__________your eyes from the sun.
3.I will__________to do my best for my country.
4.If you__________prisoners,you should make sure they behave properly in the ward.
5.We should commit ourselves to__________prisoners in reentering the community.
6.A(n)__________is a person who has committed a crime and is subject to criminal punishment.
7.These rules and regulations ensure the__________treatment of all prisoners in custody.
8.The criminal was sent to a correctional__________after sentence.
9.Somehow she managed to__________her two children with food and clothing.
10.She picked up a dress__________for the occasion.
B Read and Translate:Translate the following sentences into English.
1.监狱致力于帮助罪犯成为守法公民。（be committed to，assist）
2.根据《监狱法》规定，监狱管理局负责管理监狱。（supervise）
3.监狱努力帮助犯人改过自新。（endeavor，rehabilitation）
4.这件事发生在他刑满释放之前。（prior to）
5.在服刑期间，犯人能在就业、住宿和家庭事务方面得到全面的帮助。（incarcerate，assistance）
6.监狱帮助罪犯重新融入社会，以减少重新犯罪，改善公共安全。（reintegration，recidivism）
Extensive Study
A Following is a chart for Consular Notification Process （领事通知程序） applied in the United States.Read the chart and try to make one used in China.
B Following is the diagram of the Main Cellhouse Building（主监狱） in the well-known US Prison Alcatraz （阿尔卡特拉兹监狱，又称恶魔岛监狱） in San Francisco Bay （美国加州旧金山海湾）.Study the diagram and try to get familiar with all the facili ties available in the prison.
Supplementary Reading
A Brief Introduction of Prison in China
In China,a prison is the institution for executing criminal punishments,which educates,supervises and controls over prisoners.Prisoners,based on the nature of their crime,type of penalty,length of sentence,performance,age,gender and other characteristics,are classified into different groups and are incarcerated,managed and educated accordingly.
There are basically two types of prisons in China.One is for adults and the other is for juvenile delinquents （少年犯）.Adult prisons are for incarcerating offenders who have been sentenced to a fixed-term imprisonment （有期徒刑），life imprisonment （无期徒刑），or death penalty with a two-year suspension of execution （死缓）.If an offender is below 18，he will serve his sentence in the prison called reformatory for juvenile delinquents （少管所）.Once he reaches the age of 18 but his remaining term does not exceed two years，then he may still stay in the reformatory.
Prison shall follow the principle of combining punishment with rehabilitation and combining education with labor,in a bid to transform prisoners into law-abiding citizens.In accordance with the needs of rehabilitating prisoners,prison shall organize prisoners to engage in productive labor and conduct ideological,cultural and technical education among prisoners.According to the Prison Law,prisoners must accept education and take part in labor.
Prisons should be the place where criminals are punished because,without punishment,it is difficult for the criminals to come to grips with their crimes and begin their life anew.While punishment focuses on enforcement,rehabilitation focuses on transformation.Punishment is the means,while transformation is the ultimate goal.The purpose of punishment is to transform criminals into law-abiding citizens,for which is precisely what criminal penalties are.Prisons do not punish criminals only for the sake of punishment.
To effectively rehabilitate prisoners,it is necessary to combine education with labor.The education conducted in prisons can be ideological,cultural,vocational or technical.Nowadays,vocational training is especially carried out in almost every prison around the country.
The working activities vary from prison to prison.The aim of labor in prison is to help the prisoners to keep up the working skills during their term of sentence.The work in the prison institutions ranges from traditional carpentry and different metallic branches to construction and renovation plus lots of other activities.
The Constitution ensures everybody,including prisoners,their basic human rights,such as equality,dignity,right to physical and intellectual immunity and safety,right to privacy,right to basic social and health services,and so on.
The inmates are entitled to receive guests during visiting hours and they can also apply for leave when half of their term has been served or even earlier.Leaves may be granted for a maximum of six days during a period of four months,in praxis a couple of days now and then with the traveling time.The leaves are granted only in case the prisoner in question is likely to observe the regulations of the permission.Otherwise,the permission can be granted as leave under escort.
The Prison Law provides that all prisons across the country are under the supervision of State Council judicial administration，i.e.Ministry of Justice.In the provinces，municipalities directly under the central government （直辖市） and autonomous regions （自治区），offices of justice （Bureau of Prison Administration） are responsible for the prison administration in their own jurisdiction.